Burden of acute gastrointestinal illness in the Metropolitan region, Chile, 2008

Thomas, M. Kate; Pérez, Enrique Chinarro; Majowicz, Shannon E.; Reid‐Smith, Richard J.; Olea, Andrea; Díaz, José; Solari, Vicky; McEwen, Scott A.

doi:10.1017/s0950268810001160

Cited by 19 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our results showed that 7·4% of respiratory episodes were associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and children aged <5 years were most likely to have concurrent gastrointestinal symptoms during respiratory episodes. An association between respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms has been reported previously [14,30,31]. Certain pathogens, such as enterovirus, known to cause respiratory symptoms are frequently associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in children, and it is often impossible to differentiate illnesses that are primarily respiratory infections vs. those that have respiratory symptoms secondary to a gastrointestinal illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Incidence of acute respiratory infections in Australia

Chen

Kirk

2013

Epidemiol. Infect.

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We used a national survey of 7578 randomly selected respondents in 2008-2009 to identify the period prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) by season and state, and to estimate the incidence of ARI in the Australian community. A case was defined as any episode of cold or flu with at least one of the following symptoms: fever, chills, sore throat, running nose, or cough in the past 4 weeks. Frequency data were weighted to the Australian population. The response rate to the survey was 49%, and 19·9% (1505/7578) of respondents reported an ARI in the previous 4 weeks, which extrapolated to 68·9 million cases [95% confidence interval (CI) 65·1-72·7] of ARI in Australia annually. The incidence was 3·2 (95% CI 3·0-3·4) cases of ARI/person per year, and was highest in young children and lowest in older people. ARI imposes a significant burden on Australian society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Incidence of acute respiratory infections in Australia

Chen

Kirk

2013

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…Some inflation could possibly have occurred on account of ‘telescoping’, a recall bias leading respondents to attribute to the survey period episodes of AGI that occurred earlier, as described previously [2]. However, recent studies [12–14] comparing the effect of using different recall periods, suggested that using long periods (e.g. 30 days) leads to underestimation of AGI incidence, probably because respondents are likely to forget episodes of illness as time passes, especially if symptoms are mild.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness in Italy: a retrospective survey, 2008–2009

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYA retrospective telephone survey (n=3490) was conducted in Italy between 2008 and 2009 to estimate the occurrence of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) and to describe subjects' recourse to healthcare, using a symptom-based case definition. Three hundred and ten AGI cases were identified. The annual incidence rate was 1·08 episodes/person-year (95% confidence interval 0·90–1·14). The proportion of subjects consulting physicians was 39·5% while only 0·3% submitted a specimen for laboratory investigation. Risk factors for AGI and medical care-seeking were identified using logistic regression analysis. Females, children and young adults had a significantly higher incidence rate of AGI. Factors associated with medical care-seeking were age <10 years, presence of fever, diarrhoea, and duration of illness >3 days. Our results provide a relevant contribution towards estimating the global burden of AGI using standard methods that ensure a good level of comparability with other studies.

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“…However, there have been studies that have estimated prevalence and incidence of diarrhoea in developing countries. Burden of illness studies in Cuba, Argentina, and Chile have estimated the 30-day period prevalence of diarrhoea to be between 3.44 and 10.6% [27-29]. Participants from these studies were from a variety of different rural and urban settings, and tended to be older and more educated than the participants in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Previous studies conducted in developing countries have also found gender [9,28,29], mother’s education [16] and mother’s and father’s literacy status [36] not to be risk factors for diarrhoea. In this study, reasons for this could be that our population was relatively uniform in that approximately 70% of mothers and half of fathers were literate, with the majority of the parents who were literate having low levels of education.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the burden of diarrhoeal illness among individuals with and without household cisterns in northeast Brazil

et al. 2013

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BackgroundLack of access to safe and secure water is an international issue recognized by the United Nations. To address this problem, the One Million Cisterns Project was initiated in 2001 in Brazil’s semi-arid region to provide a sustainable source of water to households. The objectives of this study were to determine the 30-day period prevalence of diarrhoea in individuals with and without cisterns and determine symptomology, duration of illness and type of health care sought among those with diarrhoea. A subgroup analysis was also conducted among children less than five years old.MethodsA face-to-face survey was conducted between August 20th and September 20th, 2007 in the Agreste Central Region of Pernambuco State, Brazil. Households with and without a cistern that had at least one child under the age of five years were selected using systematic convenient sampling. Differences in health outcomes between groups were assessed using Pearson’s Chi-squared and two-way t-tests. Demographic variables were tested for univariable associations with diarrhoea using logistic regression with random effects. P-values of 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 3679 people from 774 households were included in the analysis (1863 people from 377 households with cisterns and 1816 people from 397 households without cisterns). People from households with a cistern had a significantly lower 30-day period prevalence of diarrhoea (prevalence = 11.0%; 95% CI 9.5-12.4) than people from households without a cistern (prevalence = 18.2%; 95% CI 16.4-20.0). This significant difference was also found in a subgroup analysis of children under five years old; those children with a cistern had a 30-day period prevalence of 15.6% (95% CI 12.3-18.9) versus 26.7% (95% CI 22.8-30.6) in children without a cistern. There were no significant differences between those people with and without cisterns in terms of the types of symptoms, duration of illness and health care sought for diarrhoea.ConclusionsOur results indicate that the use of cisterns for drinking water is associated with a decreased occurrence of diarrhoea in this study population. Further research accounting for additional risk factors and preventative factors should be conducted.

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Burden of acute gastrointestinal illness in the Metropolitan region, Chile, 2008

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Incidence of acute respiratory infections in Australia

Incidence of acute respiratory infections in Australia

The burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness in Italy: a retrospective survey, 2008–2009

Comparison of the burden of diarrhoeal illness among individuals with and without household cisterns in northeast Brazil

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