Bullying y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes escolares chilenos

Abstract

(Rev Med Chile 2015; 143: 716-723)

Uso de sustancias psicoactivas y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes escolarizados

“…18 relacionaron la QOL, medida a través de la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida 19 , con el abuso de sustancias determinado a través del Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance (YRBS) 20 en adolescentes estadounidenses (n = 5.029), y evidenciaron que el consumo de tabaco, alcohol, marihuana, cocaína, crack, pasta base, inhalantes y esteroides se asocia con una menor satisfacción con la vida de adolescentes de ambos sexos (p < 0,05). Adicionalmente, se ha reportado la asociación de otras variables con una menor percepción de CVRS, entre ellas el aumento de la edad, ser de sexo femenino 21,22 , bajo ingreso familiar, no poseer una vivienda propia, no vivir con ambos padres y vivir en hacinamiento 23, ser víctima de bullying 24 o percibir alguna discapacidad 25 .…”

Diferencias de género en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes escolarizados chilenos

“…Posteriormente el interés se concentró en estudiar la CVRS en población general y luego en la población de niños y adolescentes [4][5][6] . Actualmente se han incrementado los estudios en CVRS en niños y adolescentes escolarizados tanto a nivel internacional [7][8][9][10][11] como nacional [12][13][14] . La Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) promueve activamente la incorporación de la perspectiva de género a la salud pública para el diseño y la ejecución de políticas, programas y proyectos que abogan por la equidad de género siendo la promoción de la equidad en salud su mandato fundamental 15 .…”

Bullying: Prevalência E Fatores Associados À Vitimização E À Agressão No Cotidiano Escolar

“…[1][2][3] It is a complex, multidimensional and relational public health problem among peers that requires scientific and political investments to broaden the focus on the issue, in order to characterize it as an object of intersectoral investigation permeated by a diversity of forms of manifestation. [4][5][6] The acts of aggression that comprise bullying are classified into three main groups: physical, such as hitting, kicking and using weapons to attack; verbal/psychological, which includes threats, insults, tricks, nicknames and humiliation; and indirect, represented by behaviors of social exclusion, indifference and extortion. [7][8][9] There is also the form called cyber-bullying, which covers repeated aggression with intent to persecute and humiliate, through electronic devices, especially cell phones and the internet.…”

“…They develop emotional instability, tendency toward psychic disorders, depression and suicide, as well as unhappiness related to the school environment triggering low levels of learning and even school abandonment, with a consequent reduction in the quality of life of these adolescents. 2,6,15,29,32 One study 33 showed that the negative effects are not only restricted to the victims. The aggressors, who already have emotional instability and social relationship difficulties, tend to potentialize this antisocial behavior, isolation and criminality with overvaluation of violence as a way of obtaining power and social inclusion.…”

“…Theoretical discourses have attempted to explain the act of practicing bullying based on seeking affirmation of the superiority of power through the humiliation and persecution of peers, with no evident motivation on the part of the victim, 6 associated with risk behaviors, such as consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. 30,22 This being consistent with data highlighted in this study, which evidenced a statistical association between smoking and alcohol use at school with being a bullying aggressor.…”