Bulky forage from legume-cereal mixtures in cattle rations

The studies were conducted in 2019-2021 in the conditions of the northern part of the Arkhangelsk region. The aim of the research is to study perennial agrophytocenoses consisting of promising cereals and legumes to improve the fodder base in the conditions of northern regions. Herbage grasses of 3 years of life formed from various combinations of cereals and legumes were studied, their productivity and participation of components of grass mixtures in the formation of yields were determined. Meteorological conditions varied during the years of the study. In 2019 and 2020, the growing seasons were excessively wet (hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) 1.80 and 1.76), in 2021, the period was noted as quite wet (HTC 1.38). It was found that in the 1st year of life the formation of green mass yield is due to the legume component. At the same time, 73% of red clover and 59-67% of alfalfa are contained in the structure of the crop. Later in the phytocenosis there is a decrease in the participation of leguminous grasses in the yield, in the 3rd year the content of red clover was 15- 20%, alfalfa fell out of the herbage. The herbage, consisting of reed fescue and red clover, stood out as the most productive. Two-cuts use of this agrophytocenosis allows for the first 2 years of intensive use to get from 10.71 to 11.41 t/ha of dry matter, 114.12-129.01 GJ/ha of exchange energy and 1.43- 1.51 t/ha of crude protein. Reed fescue stands out as the most promising crop. When alfalfa falls out of the herbage, the experiment variant with reed fescue is superior to the control variant in dry matter yield and exchange energy yield.

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Efficiency of cultivation of variegated alfalfa and awnless brome in pure form and in mixed sowings

Timoshkin

2023

Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока

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The development of technology elements for the cultivation of perennial alfalfa-brome mixtures contributes to the formation of highly productive agrocenoses and reduce the cost of fodder mass. In 2017-2022, in the conditions of the Penza region, there has been studied the effect of seeding rates of alfalfa variegated of Daria variety and awnless brome Udalets in pure and mixed sowings, the level of mineral nutrition and the time of harvesting green mass on the economic and energy efficiency of cultivation. Growing seasons of 2017-2021 were characterized by dry conditions (HTC = 0.4-0.8), of 2022 – by normal moisture (HTC = 1.0). The calculation of the cost of production showed the advantage of the seeding rate of alfalfa and brome 70+40 %, the introduction of N45P60K90 and harvesting in the early phase the cost of 1 ton of feed units amounted to 2.36 thousand rubles, in the variant without fertilizers at this seeding rate, the cost was 6.8 % higher – 2.52 thousand rubles. The level of profitability of alfalfa-brome mixtures when cultivated for green mass was at a high level and amounted to 161-238 % according to the variants. Higher rates were obtained in variants with a seeding rate of 70+40 %, the introduction of N45P60K90 during harvesting both in the budding phase and variable mowing – 235-238 %. Cost of 1 ton feed units at a seeding rate of 70+40 % was 1.51-1.96 GJ (depending on the mowing period), a decrease in the seeding rate of alfalfa to 40 % increased the cost of 1 ton of feed units up to 1.74-2.20 GJ. The use of mineral fertilizers increased the cost of 1 ton of feed units when applying P60K90 by 0.02-0.06 GJ, and when introducing N45P60K90 by 0.29-0.36 GJ. The early phase of harvesting was energetically favorable – the cost of 1 ton of feed units was lower than when harvesting in the flowering phase by 0.08-0.15 GJ. With a high seeding rate of alfalfa and a low seeding rate of brome (70+40 %), the maximum energy efficiency coefficient (EEC) was obtained – 5.2-7.1 (depending on the background of nutrition and the mowing period). With a decrease in the seeding rate of alfalfa from 70 to 40 %, a decrease in the EEC to 4.5-6.1 was noted. The application of mineral fertilizers significantly reduced the EEE indicators – from 5.8-7.1 to 5.5-6.7 with the application of P60K90 and to 4.3-5.3 with the application of N45P60K90. At an early harvesting time (budding phase), the EEC was slightly higher – 4.7-7.1, than at a late harvesting time (flowering phase) – 4.5-6.8.

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Bulky forage from legume-cereal mixtures in cattle rations

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Analysis of the current state of feed production in agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan

Analysis of the current state of feed production in agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan

Productivity of fodder agrocenoses in the Northern territories of the Arkhangelsk region

Efficiency of cultivation of variegated alfalfa and awnless brome in pure form and in mixed sowings

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