Bulk synthesis of linear carbon chains confined inside single‐wall carbon nanotubes by vacuum discharge

Toma, Satoshi; Asaka, Kinji; Irita, Masaru; Saito, Yahachi

doi:10.1002/sia.6590

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Long linear carbon chains encapsulated in MWCNTs and DWCNTs have been reported previously [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. In the present study, carbon chains encapsulated not only in DWCNTs but also in SWCNTs were observed, as previously reported [46]. Figure 6 shows two SWCNTs encapsulating carbon chains.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, we have found out the presence of long linear carbon chains after electrical discharge during field electron emission from single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films [46], which is different from the previous method by arc discharge and high-temperature heat treatment. The present reproducible synthesis method may provide a new approach to the bulk production of long linear carbon chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy of long linear atomic carbon chains generated by field electron emission accompanied with electrical discharge of carbon nanotube films

2019

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Carbyne is a carbon allotrope whose structure is a one-dimensional chain of sp-hybridized carbon atoms. Carbyne's mechanical and electrical properties, as predicted by theoretical studies, have attracted great interest because they would lead to many promising applications. Thus, much effort has been devoted to the synthesis of carbyne. Long linear atomic carbon chains encapsulated in carbon nanotubes have recently been produced by high-temperature heat treatment of double-wall carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs). Here, we present an alternative approach to produce long linear carbon chains: field electron emission accompanied by electrical discharge from single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films. Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were performed on SWCNT films after the electrical discharge during field electron emission. The results showed that a large number of long linear carbon chains were formed within the SWCNTs and DWCNTs. For DWCNTs with an inner diameter of 0.7 nm, the atomic carbon chains lay directly along the central tube axis. However, for SWCNTs with an inner diameter of 1.0 nm, the encapsulated carbon chains were bent in some places and positioned close to the nanotube wall, away from the central tube axis.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy of long linear atomic carbon chains generated by field electron emission accompanied with electrical discharge of carbon nanotube films

2019

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“…5(a-c)) of the CNTs synthesized in the presence of a 2 % Ni/4 % Y wt. mixture revealed that the CNTs have a great number of layers and are therefore properly described as multiple-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with amorphous carbon particles attached to the surface of the nanotubes; this morphology was previously observed in other works [9,38]. Carbon nanoparticles confined inside CNTs by the effect of the arc discharge were also detected and informed previously in other work [38].…”

Section: Study Of the Morphology Of Cnts Using Sem And Temsupporting

confidence: 73%

Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis by Arc Discharge Method in a Glass Chamber

et al. 2021

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Abstract. In the present paper, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized by arc discharge method by vaporizing graphite rods in the presence of Ni and a Ni/Y mixture as catalysts for subsequent use in electrical energy storage and conversion devices. CNTs synthesis was carried out in a cylindrical glass reactor applying a controlled Argon flow of 1.43 cm3/min and a chamber pressure of 39 kPa. Carbon powder was collected from the reactor following chemical treatment with HCl solution at 1 M to remove the metallic impurities. Morphology obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNTs) with amorphous carbon particles attached to their surface. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra presented bands at 1550 and 1200 cm–1 corresponding to the C=C bond characteristic to the CNTs skeleton; these bands were not present in pristine graphite. Electromagnetic absorbance was observed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) showing peaks at 204 and 256 nm related to sp2 hybridization characteristic for MWCNTs. Resumen. En el presente trabajo se sintetizaron nanotubos de carbono (NTCs) por el método de descarga de arco mediante la vaporización de barras de grafito en presencia de Ni y una mezcla de Ni/Y como catalizadores para su posterior uso en dispositivos de almacenamiento y conversión de energía eléctrica. La síntesis de NTCs se realizó en un reactor cilíndrico de vidrio aplicando un flujo controlado de Argón de 1.43 cm3/min y una presión de cámara de 39 kPa. El polvo de carbón se recolectó del reactor y se trató químicamente con una solución de HCl a 1 M para eliminar las impurezas metálicas. La morfología obtenida por microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) y microscopía electrónica de transmisión (MET) mostró nanotubos de paredes múltiples (NTCPMs) con partículas de carbón amorfo adheridas a su superficie. Los espectros de infrarrojo transformada de Fourier (FT-IR) mostraron bandas en 1550 y 1200 cm–1 que corresponden al enlace C=C característico de los NTCs; estas bandas no estuvieron presentes en el grafito prístino. La absorbancia electromagnética se observó mediante espectroscopia ultravioleta-visible (UV-Vis) mostrando picos a 204 y 256 nm relacionadas con la hibridación sp2 característica de los NTCPMs.

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“…A thick film of eDIPS SWCNT (Meijo Nano Carbon) was used as an FE cathode, and an anode made of a tungsten grid was placed in front of the SWCNT cathode with a separation of about 1.6 mm in a high vacuum of 10 −6 Pa. Details of the FE set-up for the production of LCC@CNT have been described in our previous reports [16,17]. When an excessive voltage was applied between the electrodes, a spark discharge occurred.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the latter physical method, 1D carbon chains were obtained as by-products of multiwall CNTs. We discovered a novel method to produce long LCCs encapsulated inside single-wall CNTs (SWCNTs) on a film scale after field emission (FE) experiments of the CNT film cathode, as reported in the previous ALC '17 [16].…”

Section: The Electronic Energy Gap Of Hydrogen-capped Polyynesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Raman Spectroscopy and TEM of Long Linear Carbon Chain Formed in CNT Field Emission Cathode

Asaka

Toma

Saito

2020

e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotechnol.

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Long linear carbon chains (LCCs) encapsulated in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were produced on a film scale by field emission discharge of CNT films. LCCs inside CNTs were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. After an electric discharge of a CNT film cathode, long LCCs encapsulated in single-wall CNTs as well as double-wall and triple-wall CNTs were formed in the film. The length of LCCs is longer than 30 nm (i.e., more than 230 carbon atoms). Not only a single LCC but also two or three LCCs in parallel inside a CNT were found. Raman spectra showed prominent peaks, called "LCC bands", in a region from 1790 to 1860 cm −1 originating from longitudinal optical phonons of LCCs. The observation of strong LCC bands are due to resonance Raman scattering, i.e., the excitation photon energies between 1.85−2.54 eV match with energy gaps of the long LCCs inside CNTs.

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Bulk synthesis of linear carbon chains confined inside single‐wall carbon nanotubes by vacuum discharge

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy of long linear atomic carbon chains generated by field electron emission accompanied with electrical discharge of carbon nanotube films

Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy of long linear atomic carbon chains generated by field electron emission accompanied with electrical discharge of carbon nanotube films

Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis by Arc Discharge Method in a Glass Chamber

Raman Spectroscopy and TEM of Long Linear Carbon Chain Formed in CNT Field Emission Cathode

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