Building Fire Evacuation: An IoT-Aided Perspective in the 5G Era

Abstract

Complex and tall buildings have been constructed in many cities recently. Fire safety should be a major concern of building designers, engineers, and governments. Previous fire experience has made us understand the importance of acquiring fire-ground information to facilitate firefighting operations, evacuation processes, rescues, etc. Recently, the rapid advancement in Information Technology, Data Analytics, and other detection and monitoring systems has provided the basis for fire safety researchers to re-think fire safety strategies in the built environment. Amongst all fire safety studies, evacuation in tall buildings, including elevator evacuations, has attracted much attention. IoT-aided building fire evacuation is a new concept of the building evacuation mode, which improves the building evacuation process by making decisions of escape based on the real-time fire-ground information, such as the fire environment and occupant situations. Focusing on IoT applications in building fire evacuation, this paper explores the advantages and insufficiencies of current smart building fire evacuation systems. A conceptual design of an IoT-aided building fire evacuation control system is described. The system is introduced in the sequence of information needs, information sources and data transmission, and potential services and applications. Finally, new insights into promising 5G technologies for future building fire evacuations are discussed.

Fault Diagnosis of Subway Mechanical Equipment Based on 5G Intelligent Sensor Network Signal Processing

“…The optimal bandwidth selection is used in the model to estimate the class function, and then, three indicators are used, namely, classification accuracy, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. Fang et al [21] first made a preliminary review of evidence theory and expounded how to construct multisensor engine diagnosis problems under the framework of evidence theory from the aspects of fault identification framework, quality function, and evidence combination rules [22]; secondly, new methods are proposed to improve the effectiveness of quality functions in modelling and combining evidence; finally, a rational decision criterion is proposed, and a criterion for evaluating the performance of information fusion systems is proposed [23].…”

Towards a Smart Elevator-Aided Fire Evacuation Scheme in High-Rise Apartment Buildings for Elderly

“…In the work of Jiang [24], an intelligent route planning algorithm was proposed by considering the intensity of the fire. Our previous work [25] preliminarily conceived an architecture of an IoT-aided building fire evacuation control system in the sequence of information needs, information sources and data transmission, and potential services and applications. The future building evacuation control could be supported by using sensors to improve the situational awareness of fire ground and evacuation situations.…”

Impact of new IoT technologies for diagnostics and maintenance purposes in buildings

“…Another part of the developments in building technology deals with the use of IoT technologies for real-time processing of large amounts of data. This approach addresses the use of IoT technology to enable new diagnostic methods in building technology [7]. This is very much advanced in fire alarm technology.…”

“…Figure 2: Development of fire alarms from FDAS of a professional fire brigade from [5] Cross-plant networking can solve many of these challenges. Networking can provide an overarching plausibility check of data to avoid false alarms [7]. In addition, the overall cost of plant installation can be reduced because data from individual sensors can be used for multiple plants.…”