Buffalograss Seedling Tolerance to Postemergence Herbicides

Abstract

<jats:p>In 1992 and 1993, 12 postemergence herbicide treatments were applied to field-grown buffalograss [<jats:italic>Buchloe dactyloides</jats:italic> (Nutt.) Engelm.] seedlings having 1 to 3 leaves and 2 to 4 tillers, respectively. The only herbicide treatments that did not cause plant injury at 1 or 2 weeks after treatment (WAT) or reduce turf coverage 4 or 6 WAT compared to nontreated plots (in 1992 or 1993) were (in kg·ha<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>) 0.6 dithiopyr, 0.8 quinclorac, 2.2 MSMA, and 0.8 clorpyralid. Evaluated only in 1993, metsulfuron methyl (0.04 kg·ha<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>) also caused no plant injury or reduction in coverage. Fenoxaprop-ethyl (0.2 kg·ha<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>) caused severe plant injury and reduced coverage by &gt;95% at 6 WAT. Dicamba reduced coverage by 11% at 6 WAT in 1992 but not 1993. The chemicals (in kg·ha<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>) triclopyr (0.6), 2,4-D (0.8), triclopyr (1.1) + 2,4-D (2.8), 2,4-D (3.1) + triclopyr (0.3) + clorpyralid (0.2), and 2,4-D (2.0) + mecoprop (1.1) + dicamba (0.2) caused plant injury at 1 or 2 WAT in 1992 or 1993, but coverage was similar to that of nontreated turf by 6 WAT. Chemical names used: 3,6-dichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (clorpyralid); 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba); (+/–)-2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid (diclofop); 3,5-pyridinedicarbothioic acid, 2-(difluoromethyl)-4-(2-methylpropyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-<jats:italic>S</jats:italic>,<jats:italic>S</jats:italic>-dimethyl ester (dithiopyr); 2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyl)oxy]phenoxy] propanoate (fenoxaprop-ethyl); 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid (mecoprop); methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoate (metsulfuron methyl); monosodium salt of methylarsonic acid (MSMA); 3,7-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid (quinclorac); [(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy] acetic acid (triclopyr); (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D).</jats:p>

Buffalograss Tolerance to Post-Emergence Herbicides in the Intermountain West

“…Unlike in the Florida report (1), our nighttime temperatures were cool and may explain the differences between our results and Florida's. Our buffalograss was also well‐established unlike in the Kansas report (2) and may explain our differences from their results.…”

“…Post‐emergence herbicides containing 2,4‐D, used alone and in combination, caused unacceptable turf quality on ‘Oasis’ and ‘Prairie’ buffalograss in Florida (1). In Kansas, plant injury on buffalograss seedlings was observed after applications of 2,4‐D, and other herbicides (2). These studies help create a perception among turf managers to avoid 2,4‐D for weed control in buffalograss.…”

Effects of a New Herbicide (Aminocyclopyrachlor) on Buffalograss and Forbs in Shortgrass Prairie

“…Buffalograss varieties were visibly injured from 20 to over 40 d after applications of herbicides containing 2,4-D and/or dicamba (McCarty and Colvin 1992). Fry and Upham (1994) either non-ionic surfactant ( 1 NIS) or methylated seed oil ( 2 MSO). Other treatments included the 84 methyl ester formulation of aminocyclopyrachlor (DPX-KJM44) at 140 g ha -1 with MSO, a mixture of the dimethylamine salts of dicamba and 2,4-D (Rangestar 3 ) at 336 and 971 g ha -1 with NIS, respectively, and a non-treated control for a total of eleven treatments.…”

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Effects on Seeded Buffalograss Establishment

“…Given that buffalograss provides a low input turf, it would be desirable to combine a low cost method of establishment with the low cost of maintenance. Recent research has investigated date of planting effects (Frank et al, 1998;Fry et al, 1993), and herbicides (Dotray and McKenney, 1996;Fry et al, 1997;Fry and Upham, 1994) on buffalograss establishment. In Kansas, buffalograss burrs planted in April or May at 49 kg·ha -1 required 12 to 13 weeks to reach 95% coverage (Fry et al, 1993).…”