Brueghel Syndrome as a New Manifestation of HIV Encephalopathy

Wicki, J; Germanier, Yves; Sztajzel, Roman; Burkhard, Pierre

doi:10.1159/000138963

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…In the absence of specific antiviral therapy, patients with virus-induced hyperkinetic movements receive symptomatic treatments and immunomodulation when appropriate. Direct brain invasion by HIV and the subsequent activation of the local immune response can result in a wide range of movement disorders, including chorea, tremor, myoclonus, dystonia, and paroxysmal dyskinesia (34)(35)(36)(37)(38). Typically, chorea or tremor are observed in patients with cognitive deterioration in the context of HIV encephalopathy or AIDS-dementia complex (35,39,40).…”

Section: Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders Due To Viral Infection Of the Basal Gangliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatable Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders Not to Be Missed

et al. 2021

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Hyperkinetic movement disorders are characterized by the presence of abnormal involuntary movements, comprising most notably dystonia, chorea, myoclonus, and tremor. Possible causes are numerous, including autoimmune disorders, infections of the central nervous system, metabolic disturbances, genetic diseases, drug-related causes and functional disorders, making the diagnostic process difficult for clinicians. Some diagnoses may be delayed without serious consequences, but diagnosis delays may prove detrimental in treatable disorders, ranging from functional disabilities, as in dopa-responsive dystonia, to death, as in Whipple's disease. In this review, we focus on treatable disorders that may present with prominent hyperkinetic movement disorders.

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