“…For further assessing the impact of DM on the risk of BPF, we classified all cases into several subgroups according to statistical analysis, diagnoses, operative modes, and the patients' origins. In the subgroups classified by statistical analysis, the summarized outcomes based on the data from both univariate analysis (OR ¼ 1.89; 95% CI ¼ 1.17 to 3.05; p ¼ 0.009) [18,19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31] and multivariate analysis (OR ¼ 2.07; 95% CI ¼ 1.24 to 3.45; p ¼ 0.006) [17,20,28] indicated that DM was significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative BPF, with low heterogeneity (Table 3 and Fig 3A).…”