Bronchial Carcinoids

Froudarakis, Marios; Fournel, P.; Burgard, G.; Bouros, Demosthenes; Boucheron, S; Nm, Siafakas; Emonot, A

doi:10.1159/000227552

Cited by 36 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A variety of preoperative procedures, including octreoscan, abdominal and chest CT scan, MRI, bronchoscopy, hepatic venous sampling, and laparoscopy are all appropriate studies and particularly useful in anticipation of an intraoperative exploration. In some centers, position emission tomographic (PET) scan using the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT) labeled with 11 C has proved to be of considerable value [28]. On conventional ultrasonography, typical findings include a hyperechoic mass containing multiple cystic lesions, whereas low-density, moderately enhanced areas that confirm a cystic pattern are evident on CT scan.…”

Section: Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over 60% of carcinoids arise along the gastrointestinal tract-in particular, the small intestine, appendix, and colon [10]-a reflection of the dense neuroendocrine cell population of the gut and the conglomeration of ''regulatory cells'' necessary to sample and regulate the gut environmental milieu. Similarly, the bronchopulmonary system possesses a respiratory epithelium densely populated with Kulchitsky cells and accounts for approximately 25 percent of carcinoid tumors, comprising roughly 2% of all primary lung tumors [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

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An Analysis of Rare Carcinoid Tumors: Clarifying These Clinical Conundrums

2004

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Carcinoid tumors are distinct neuroendocrine neoplasms with characteristic histological, clinical, and biological properties. Though commonly associated with the gastrointestinal tract and bronchopulmonary system, a substantial number of these tumors originate in less common anatomical sites and can range from indolent, unrecognized entities to highly active, metastatic secretory tumors. Their presentation within unfamiliar locations often results in clinical confusion, and they persist as unrecognized lesions, subjecting patients to delayed, inappropriate, or ineffective treatment. The authors reviewed 13,715 carcinoid tumors identified by three consecutive registries of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) from 1950 to 1999, focusing on the anatomic sites accounting for less than one percent of all carcinoids. In addition, data from the world's literature published on carcinoid tumors within these particular anatomic locations were then analyzed with respect to incidence, clinical presentation, symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, microscopic and immunohistochemical findings, treatment strategies, and prognosis. The primary organs in which carcinoids are most commonly mistaken for some of the more conspicuous endemic tumors include the esophagus, pancreas, liver, biliary tract, gallbladder, and Meckel's diverticulum, as well as within the pelvic and otolaryngeal organs and the breast. In general, the highest proportion of "rare" carcinoids was identified in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, with the ovary as the single most affected extra-GI site. Tumors with the worst prognosis were those that involved the pancreas (37.5%: 5-year survival) and those in the cervix (12-33%: 3-year survival). While gastrointestinal carcinoids have become a more recognized entity and thus more amenable to identification, similar lesions are often not considered in other sites and have often either been overlooked or misdiagnosed. Widespread reports of their occurrence in rare locations warrants attention. The diminution of the likelihood of inadvertently neglecting these often benign, indolent neoplasms that are well known to metastasize if unaddressed would represent an important advance. Familiarity with such unusual sites of origin will facilitate appropriate recognition and characterization of such tumors, allowing for timely intervention.

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Section: Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Rare Carcinoid Tumors: Clarifying These Clinical Conundrums

2004

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“…Several therapeutic modalities used in conjunction may be essential to achieve the best management of the disease, rather than a single invasive approach 23. In a recent review, even though 50% of patients underwent a lung resection after a single bronchoscopic resection, the authors reported that the inability to remove the remaining tumor was entirely due to the inaccessibility of the tumor 24–26. Some experts believe that tumor reduction by this method may result in a more conservative surgical resection 15.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of typical pulmonary carcinoid tumor treated with bronchoscopic therapy followed by lobectomy

Porpodis

Karanikas²,

Kontakiotis³

et al. 2012

JMDH

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Carcinoid bronchopulmonary tumors represent approximately 25% of all carcinoid tumors and 1%–2% of all lung neoplasms. The most common symptoms are: persistent cough, asthma-like wheezing, chest pain, dyspnea, hemoptysis and obstructive pneumonitis. We present a case of a young adult diagnosed with a typical carcinoid tumor. The diagnosis was established on the basis of imaging examination and bronchoscopic biopsy. The patient was treated with bronchoscopic electrocautery therapy to relieve the obstructed airway, followed by surgical lobectomy in order to entirely remove the exophytic damage. This approach was not only a palliative management to bronchial obstruction but also avoided pneumonectomy. Recent studies support the use of such interventional resection methods, as they may result in a more conservative surgical resection.

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“…Limited bronchial disease may be treated with conservative resection and bronchoplasty. The response to systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy is poor [7,8]. The 5-yr survival rate is 40-60% when complete resection is possible [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent pneumonia after cardiac surgery

Genta²,

Takagaki³

2002

Eur Respir J

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A 38-yr-old male presented to the outpatient clinic complaining of recurrent episodes of pneumonia in the last 4 yrs. He had a past medical history of mitral and aortic valve disease due to rheumatic fever in childhood and was submitted to mitral comissurotomy through median sternotomy 5-yrs-ago. He had six episodes of productive cough with blood-streaked sputum, dyspnoea, fever, and wheezing in the last 4 yrs. Antibiotics were prescribed on all occasions. He had smoked for 30 pack-yrs.Spirometry revealed forced vital capacity (FVC) of 3.10 L (79%), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of 2.14 L (65%), FEV1/FVC of 0.69 (83%) with no response to bronchodilators. A chest radiograph and a computed tomography scan of the chest were performed ( figs. 1 and 2). Bronchoscopic examination found extrinsic compression of the right lower-lobe bronchus, but no endobronchial lesions.He was submitted to right lower lobectomy through lateral thoracotomy. A partial atelectasis of the right lower lobe and a tumour were found. A right lower lobectomy was performed.The pathological examination is shown in fig. 3.

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Bronchial Carcinoids

Cited by 36 publications

References 14 publications

An Analysis of Rare Carcinoid Tumors: Clarifying These Clinical Conundrums

An Analysis of Rare Carcinoid Tumors: Clarifying These Clinical Conundrums

A case of typical pulmonary carcinoid tumor treated with bronchoscopic therapy followed by lobectomy

Recurrent pneumonia after cardiac surgery

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