Bromeliad Malaria in Trinidad, British West Indies 1

Downs, W. G.; Pittendrigh, Colin S.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1946.s1-26.47

Cited by 60 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Within its overall range its intensity shows a very clear positive correlation with rainfall level (Downs and Pittendrigh, 1946). Moving across the island from northeast to southwest, there is a simultaneous drop in both rainfall and malaria intensity but there is, on first analysis, no comparahle decrease in the size of the epiphytic bromeliad flora which comprises the mosquitoes' breeding ground.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Bromeliad-Anopheles-Malaria Complex in Trinidad. I-the Bromeliad Flora,

1948

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Bromeliad-Anopheles-Malaria Complex in Trinidad. I-the Bromeliad Flora,

1948

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“…aquasalis, the main vector in coastal swamps; 8 An. bellator Dyar and Knab, the vector of bromeliad malaria, 9,10 An. albitarsis Lynch-Arribalzaga, found mainly in rice fields; 8 and An.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal patterns of imported malaria cases and local transmission in Trinidad.

Chadee¹,

Kitron²

1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Over a 30-year period 213 malaria cases in Trinidad were investigated by the Trinidad and Tobago Ministry of Health. Using a global positional system and a geographic information system, we mapped the precise location of all reported malaria cases, and associated them with breeding habitats of anopheline vectors. The majority of the cases (138, 63%) were individual imported cases around the big port cities. Plasmodium falciparum was the most common parasite, and Africa the most common source of imported cases. Two clusters of cases occurred: an introduced P. vivax outbreak associated with Anopheles aquasalis in 1990-1991, and an autochtonous focus of P. malariae associated with An. bellator and An. homunculus in 1994-1995. Application of a space-time statistic showed a significant clustering of P. malariae cases, and, to a lesser extent of P. vivax cases, but not of P. falciparum cases. Based on potential for occurrence of local transmission, we are developing risk maps to determine surveillance priorities, outbreak potential, and necessary degree and spatial range of control activities following case detections.Within the Americas malaria is a major cause of disease and death, with 21 countries reporting more than 1 million cases per year, and 280 million people at risk.

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“…These areas have their own particular ecosystems and are covered by the Atlantic Forest (Pinotti 1951). Indigenous malaria in these regions is known as bromeliad malaria (Downs & Pittendrigh 1946).…”

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confidence: 99%