Bromelain a Potential Bioactive Compound: A Comprehensive Overview from a Pharmacological Perspective

Abstract

Bromelain is an effective chemoresponsive proteolytic enzyme derived from pineapple stems. It contains several thiol endopeptidases and is extracted and purified via several methods. It is most commonly used as an anti-inflammatory agent, though scientists have also discovered its potential as an anticancer and antimicrobial agent. It has been reported as having positive effects on the respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems, and potentially on the immune system. It is a natural remedy for easing arthritis symptoms, including joint pain and stiffness. This review details bromelain’s varied uses in healthcare, its low toxicity, and its relationship to nanoparticles. The door of infinite possibilities will be opened up if further extensive research is carried out on this pineapple-derived enzyme.

Natural Products of Pharmacology and Mechanisms in Nucleus Pulposus Cells and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

“…There is an urgent need to develop effective drugs and reasonable routes of intervertebral disc administration. Nanoparticles have large surface areas and pore volumes, which allow them to effectively load drugs [ 157 ]. A combination of a nanomaterial and oxymatrine increased drug anti-IDD activity, suggesting a novel route of drug administration [ 132 ].…”

Role of Withaferin A and Its Derivatives in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease: Recent Trends and Future Perspectives

“…Although soluble, Aβ40 is substantially more prevalent than soluble Aβ42; Aβ42 has a greater tendency for aggregation because of the hydrophobicity within its two terminal residues. In addition, Aβ42 is the key element of amyloid plaques, which has been found to be neurotoxic [ 66 , 73 , 74 ]. As a result, Aβ42 is assumed to be a critical participant in plaque development and AD pathogenesis [ 75 ].…”

Collagenase Activity of Bromelain Immobilized at Gold Nanoparticle Interfaces for Therapeutic Applications

“…Currently, it is known that the fight against many diseases involves proteolytic activity of bioactive peptides and various proteins, such as signaling molecules in inflammatory, allergic, and tumor processes, bacterial membrane proteins, and virus capsids [ 8 ]. The applications and herbal uses of bromelain (Bro) in various areas, such as food, medicine, and cosmetics, have been studied for decades [ 9 ] and important therapeutic applications have been reported for Bro in studies demonstrating its in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, anti-tumor, anti-metastatic, and immunogenicity properties [ 10 ]. Clinical studies have also demonstrated Bro’s effectiveness in the treatment of burns (debridement), although many of these mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated [ 6 ].…”