“BROKE” a biological/oceanographic survey off the coast of East Antarctica (80–150°E) carried out in January–March 1996

Nicol, Stephen; Pauly, Tim; Bindoff, Nathaniel L.; Strutton, Peter G.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(00)00026-6

Cited by 69 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Higher chlorophyll concentration in oceanic water of Prydz Bay is attributed to higher primary productivity and eutrophic nature of Antarctic waters. Persistence of abundant chlorophyll-a in the coastal waters in the eastern part of Prydz Bay could be attributed to cooler coastal waters which are generally more productive (Nicol et al 2000) which substantiate our study as maximum chlorophyll concentration of 14.87 µg L -1 occurs where water temperature is -1°C at surface to 20m depth indicating upward movement of water due to local wind forcing. This subsurface cold water is due to the winter water which occurs as residue from the previous winter mixed layer, limited by seasonal warming and freshening (Park et al 1998).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Relative Microalgal Concentration in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica during Late Austral Summer, 2006

Mohan¹,

Shukla²,

Anilkumar³

et al. 2009

ALGAE

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Microalgae using a submersible fluorescence probe in water column (up to 100 m) were measured during the austral summer of 2006 (February) in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica (triangular-shaped embayment in the Indian sector of Southern Ocean). Concurrently, environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity and nitrogen (nitrate, ammonium, urea) uptake rates were measured. The concentration of phytoplankton is relatively high due to availability of high nutrients and low sea surface temperature. Phytoplankton community is dominated by diatoms whereas cryptophytes are in low concentration. The maximum concentration of total chlorophyll is 14.87 µg L -1 and is attributed to upwelled subsurface winter water due to local wind forcing, availability of micro-nutrients and increased attenuation of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR). Concentration of blue-green algae is low compared to that of green algae because of low temperature. Comparatively high concentration of yellow substances is due to the influence of Antarctic melt-water whereas cryptophytes are low due to high salinity and mixed water column. Varied concentrations of phytoplankton at different times of Fluoroprobe measurements suggest that the coastal waters of Prydz Bay are influenced by changing sub-surface water temperature and salinity due to subsurface upwelling induced by local winds as also melting/freezing processes in late summer. The productivity is high in coastal water due to the input of macro as well as micro-nutrients.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Relative Microalgal Concentration in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica during Late Austral Summer, 2006

Mohan¹,

Shukla²,

Anilkumar³

et al. 2009

ALGAE

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“…Climate change models of the SO still contain large uncertainties, in part due to knowledge gaps in biogeochemical processes and carbon uptake (Frölicher et al, 2016). The vast majority of phytoplankton research in the SO have been observational studies, providing essential data on phytoplankton communities, seasonal community succession, nutrient utilization, primary and export production, and food web interactions (e.g., El-Sayed, 1994;Nicol et al, 2000Nicol et al, , 2010Smith et al, 2000a;Olguín and Alder, 2011;Quéguiner, 2013). These studies are essential for our understanding of the current and potential future state of SO phytoplankton.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These phytoplankton blooms support a unique food web in the Ross Sea, structured around the crystal krill, Euphausia crystallorophias, and the Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum . Elsewhere around East Antarctica the CZ is relatively narrow and contributes ∼12 Tg C m −2 yr −1 (Arrigo et al, 2008b) and like the West Antarctic CZ, the Antarctic krill, E. superba, is a keystone species (Nicol et al, 2000. Here the phytoplankton community is dominated by blooms of diatoms and Phaeocystis sp.…”

Section: East Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in a Changing Climate

2017

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Phytoplankton are the base of the Antarctic food web, sustain the wealth and diversity of life for which Antarctica is renowned, and play a critical role in biogeochemical cycles that mediate global climate. Over the vast expanse of the Southern Ocean (SO), the climate is variously predicted to experience increased warming, strengthening wind, acidification, shallowing mixed layer depths, increased light (and UV), changes in upwelling and nutrient replenishment, declining sea ice, reduced salinity, and the southward migration of ocean fronts. These changes are expected to alter the structure and function of phytoplankton communities in the SO. The diverse environments contained within the vast expanse of the SO will be impacted differently by climate change; causing the identity and the magnitude of environmental factors driving biotic change to vary within and among bioregions. Predicting the net effect of multiple climate-induced stressors over a range of environments is complex. Yet understanding the response of SO phytoplankton to climate change is vital if we are to predict the future state/s of the ecosystem, estimate the impacts on fisheries and endangered species, and accurately predict the effects of physical and biotic change in the SO on global climate. This review looks at the major environmental factors that define the structure and function of phytoplankton communities in the SO, examines the forecast changes in the SO environment, predicts the likely effect of these changes on phytoplankton, and considers the ramifications for trophodynamics and feedbacks to global climate change. Predictions strongly suggest that all regions of the SO will experience changes in phytoplankton productivity and community composition with climate change. The nature, and even the sign, of these changes varies within and among regions and will depend upon the magnitude and sequence in which these environmental changes are imposed. It is likely that predicted changes to phytoplankton communities will affect SO biogeochemistry, carbon export, and nutrition for higher trophic levels.

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“…Nevertheless, although the microplankton communities in Southern Ocean waters have been studied extensively, most studies have been located in waters off the Antarctic Peninsula and the Ross, Weddell, Bellingshausen and Scotia Seas (Froneman et al 1997;El-Sayed 2005;Fonda Umani et al 2005;Garibotti et al 2005) and were done in relation to the general oceanic circulation. This contrasts with the rarity of studies in Eastern Antarctica (particularly in the western Pacific Ocean Sector), partly due to the frequent persistence of sea-ice along the coast in the austral summer and the low biomass of krill present in the region, lessening the economic interest of the region (Nicol et al 2000;Harris et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A study of the diatom-dominated microplankton summer assemblages in coastal waters from Terre Adélie to the Mertz Glacier, East Antarctica (139°E–145°E)

et al. 2008

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“BROKE” a biological/oceanographic survey off the coast of East Antarctica (80–150°E) carried out in January–March 1996

Cited by 69 publications

References 30 publications

Relative Microalgal Concentration in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica during Late Austral Summer, 2006

Relative Microalgal Concentration in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica during Late Austral Summer, 2006

Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in a Changing Climate

A study of the diatom-dominated microplankton summer assemblages in coastal waters from Terre Adélie to the Mertz Glacier, East Antarctica (139°E–145°E)

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