A study of the diatom-dominated microplankton summer assemblages in coastal waters from Terre Adélie to the Mertz Glacier, East Antarctica (139°E–145°E)

Beans, Cristina; Hecq, Jean-Henri; Koubbi, Philippe; Vallet, Carole; Wright, Simon W.; Goffart, Anne

doi:10.1007/s00300-008-0452-x

Cited by 45 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…Based on this study, the results show that F. cylindrus is able to acclimate to the new salinity and temperature conditions more rapidly than the other 2 species, potentially giving it a competitive advantage in the marine environment. This strongly supports its wide distribution as a generalist species and its prevalence throughout the Antarctic marine ecosystem (Lizotte 2001, Kopczynska et al 2007, Roberts et al 2007, Beans et al 2008. In contrast, Pseudonitzschia subcurvata showed a particular adaptation to meltwater characteristics, with a much lower level of photosynthetic plasticity for changes in salinity, temperature and light, perfectly matching the geographical environment where the species is known to be most abundant (Almandoz et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Photosynthesis and net primary productivity in three Antarctic diatoms: possible significance for their distribution in the Antarctic marine ecosystem

Petrou¹,

Ralph²

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Photosynthesis and net primary productivity were measured in 3 Antarctic diatoms, Fragilariopsis cylindrus, Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata and Chaetoceros sp., exposed to rapid changes in temperature and salinity representing a range of conditions found during a seasonal cycle. Measured differences in fluorescence-derived photosynthetic activity and oxygen evolution suggested that some alternative electron cycling activity was present under high irradiances. F. cylindrus displayed the highest rates of relative electron transport and net primary productivity under all salinity and temperature combinations and showed adaptive traits towards the sea-icelike environment. P. subcurvata displayed a preference for low saline conditions where production rates were greatest. However, there was evidence of photosynthetic sensitivity to the lowest temperatures and highest salinities, suggesting a lack of adaptation for dealing with sea-ice-like conditions. Chaetoceros sp. showed high plasticity, acclimating well to all conditions but performing best under pelagic conditions. The study shows species-specific sensitivities to environmental change, highlighting photosynthetic capacity as a potentially important mechanism in ecological niche adaptation. When these data were modelled over different seasons, integrated daily net primary production was greatest under summer pelagic conditions. The findings from this study support the general observations of light control and seasonal development of net primary productivity and species succession in the Antarctic marine ecosystem. KEY WORDS: Net primary productivity · Antarctic diatoms · Ecological niche adaptation · Chl a fluorescence Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 437: [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] 2011 display high photoprotective capabilities. However, it is unknown whether differences in photoprotective capacity among Antarctic diatom species can be linked with specific niche environments.Antarctic marine phytoplankton are exposed to large changes in ecosystem conditions during an annual cycle (Fig. 1). In winter, phytoplankton are rapidly incorporated into the sea ice matrix where they are confined to tiny brine channels (salinities up to 145) at freezing temperatures . Initially incoming solar irradiance is very high in the developing sea ice, as a result of being constrained close to the surface, but as the ice thickens, irradiance declines, often to levels of less than 1% surface irradiance (Palmisano et al. 1987). In the austral spring, the ice begins to melt, and the microalgae are washed out of the brine channels into a surface lens of hyposaline water. The meltwater environment, characterised by low salinities (typically below 33), a stable water column and shallow mixed layer, forms an ideal environment for the development of phytoplankton blooms (Dierssen et al. 2002). In summer, the Southern Ocean mixes phytoplankton from the surface waters to the deep, delivering ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Photosynthesis and net primary productivity in three Antarctic diatoms: possible significance for their distribution in the Antarctic marine ecosystem

Petrou¹,

Ralph²

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…This seemingly contradictory pattern between increased sea-ice cover and warmer temperature conditions during the Late Holocene can, however, be explained by the sea ice and temperature seasonal dynamics in the study area. The Late Holocene (i.e., Neoglacial period) was shown to experience greater late winter and early spring sea ice concentrations than the Mid Holocene (i.e., Hyperthermal period) [Crosta et al, 2008;Pike et al, 2009], which was favorable to the production of small Fragilariopsis species [Beans et al, 2008]. After sea ice disintegration, more intense wind activity during summer S, 135-145 E (100-pointrunning mean) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene subsurface temperature variability in the eastern Antarctic continental margin

Kim

Crosta

Willmott

et al. 2012

Geophysical Research Letters

105

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[1] We reconstructed subsurface ($45-200 m water depth) temperature variability in the eastern Antarctic continental margin during the late Holocene, using an archaeal lipidbased temperature proxy (TEX 86 L ). Our results reveal that subsurface temperature changes were probably positively coupled to the variability of warmer, nutrient-rich Modified Circumpolar Deep Water (MCDW, deep water of the Antarctic circumpolar current) intrusion onto the continental shelf. The TEX 86 L record, in combination with previously published climatic records, indicates that this coupling was probably related to the thermohaline circulation, seasonal variability in sea ice extent, sea temperature, and wind associated with high frequency climate dynamics at low-latitudes such as internal El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This in turn suggests a linkage between centennial ENSO-like variability at lowlatitudes and intrusion variability of MCDW into the eastern Antarctic continental shelf, which might have further impact on ice sheet evolution. Citation:

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“…Antarctic species successions and distribution have been investigated previously (Lizotte, 2001;Kopczynska et al, 2007;Almandoz et al, 2008;Beans et al, 2008), with some studies correlating observed distribution with physical and chemical oceanic parameters (Almandoz et al, 2008;Beans et al, 2008). Only a few however, have linked a species physiology and photosynthetic plasticity to its observed distribution and abundance (Kropuenske et al, 2009Petrou et al, 2011a;Petrou and Ralph, 2011).…”

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Petrou

Kranz

Trimborn

et al. 2016

Journal of Plant Physiology

114

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Please cite this article in press as: Petrou, K., et al., Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate. J Plant Physiol (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2016.05.004 ARTICLE IN PRESS a b s t r a c tThe Southern Ocean (SO) is a major sink for anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), potentially harbouring even greater potential for additional sequestration of CO 2 through enhanced phytoplankton productivity. In the SO, primary productivity is primarily driven by bottom up processes (physical and chemical conditions) which are spatially and temporally heterogeneous. Due to a paucity of trace metals (such as iron) and high variability in light, much of the SO is characterised by an ecological paradox of high macronutrient concentrations yet uncharacteristically low chlorophyll concentrations. It is expected that with increased anthropogenic CO 2 emissions and the coincident warming, the major physical and chemical process that govern the SO will alter, influencing the biological capacity and functioning of the ecosystem. This review focuses on the SO primary producers and the bottom up processes that underpin their health and productivity. It looks at the major physico-chemical drivers of change in the SO, and based on current physiological knowledge, explores how these changes will likely manifest in phytoplankton, specifically, what are the physiological changes and floristic shifts that are likely to ensue and how this may translate into changes in the carbon sink capacity, net primary productivity and functionality of the SO.

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A study of the diatom-dominated microplankton summer assemblages in coastal waters from Terre Adélie to the Mertz Glacier, East Antarctica (139°E–145°E)

Abstract: In January 2004 the microplankton community from the coastal waters of Terre Adélie and Georges V Land (139°E-145°E) was studied. Results showed a diatomdominated bloom with chlorophyll a levels averaging 0.64 lg l

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Photosynthesis and net primary productivity in three Antarctic diatoms: possible significance for their distribution in the Antarctic marine ecosystem

Photosynthesis and net primary productivity in three Antarctic diatoms: possible significance for their distribution in the Antarctic marine ecosystem

Holocene subsurface temperature variability in the eastern Antarctic continental margin

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

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