Broiler adaptation to post-hatching period

Maiorka, Alex; Dahlke, Fabiano; Morgulis, Maria Silvia Furquim de Azevedo

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782006000200057

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…At hatching, the gastrointestinal system is microorganism‐free. But after hatching, a significant number of microorganisms invade and colonize the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to caecum (Maiorka et al., 2006). Also, the immune system of the bird is partly developed at hatching.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of the Oesophagus and Morphometric, Histochemical–Immunohistochemical Profiles of the Oesophageal Gland During the Post‐hatching Period of Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Sağsöz¹,

Lïman²

2009

Anat Histol Embryol

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In the oesophagus, mucins, which originate from oesophageal submucosal glands, play an important role in the mucosal protection as a pre-epithelial barrier. In this study, the structure of cervical and thoracic parts of oesophagus of Japanese quail during the post-hatching period was compared, and the contents of carbohydrate and gastric mucin MUC5AC of the oesophageal glands in these parts were analysed at the light microscope levels by applying conventional histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. The oesophageal glands were present at hatching, located in the laminae propria. The numbers of glands were different in the cervical and thoracic parts, but the differences were found to be insignificant. The thoracic part has the oesophageal tonsils which are associated with the glands. Oesophageal tonsil was formed from day 5 after hatching. In quail of all ages, the secretory epithelium of glands contained neutral sialomucins and weakly sulphomucins. The cells in the neck region of secretory units contained sialomucins, while the cells of excretory ducts had strongly sulphomucins. Sialomucin containing cells in the secretory units increased with the advance of age and glandular development. But, in the secretory units, the sulphomucin content of glands was more in the thoracic part. The secretory epithelium of tonsil-associated glands contained mostly sulphomucins and a little sialomucin. From the hatching, MUC5AC mucin was detected in the cells of excretory ducts. Although the lymphoepithelium of the tonsil units exhibited negative reactions to all histochemical methods, it showed positive reaction to MUC5AC mucin antibody. In conclusion, the cervical and thoracic parts may be functionally different and the thoracic part of oesophagus was transformed into an immunological organ following day 5 after hatching.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of the Oesophagus and Morphometric, Histochemical–Immunohistochemical Profiles of the Oesophageal Gland During the Post‐hatching Period of Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Sağsöz¹,

Lïman²

2009

Anat Histol Embryol

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“…This conclusion could be due to the fact that proteins of egg white are badly digested and assimilated in the first 72 hours post-hatching. In agreement with these results, the gastrointestinal tract continues developing and undergoes morphological and physiological changes that improve digestion and absorption of food (Maiorka et al, 2003 andMaiorka et al, 2006). Rizk and Ibrahim (2014) reported that live weight and feed intake as well as weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved by early feeding as compared to late feeding.…”

Section: Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 59%

The Effects of Early Post-Hatch Nutrition on Broiler Performance

El-Abd

2017

EPSJ

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The present study aimed to investigate the effect of early feeding in hatcher baskets and chick boxes with and without experimental materials on broiler growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters and economical efficiency. A total number of 1980 eggs produced from Arber Acres plus (AA+) breed were incubated and randomly divided into equal 4 groups of nearly similar means of egg weight (EW) each with replicates for each treatment. Eggs were hatched in hatcher baskets with experimental materials. Only 420 day-old broilers male (AA+) chicks were divided into four feeding trials. The Experimental diets were distributed as following: control without feed at hatchery; boiled egg whites; (BEW), pieces of fruit orange (OF) and pre-starter diet (PS) were put at hatcher basket and chicks boxes. Live performance measurements for each feeding period were measured and/or calculated in terms of live body weight (LBW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), growth rate (GR), performance index (PI) and mortality rate. Also, European efficiency factor; carcass parameters, blood plasma constituents, and economical efficiency (EEf). Increasing body weight, feed intake due to early access to feed especially in OF and PS groups, meanwhile, BWG, FCR and GR for early feeding groups BWE, OF and PS were significantly improved compared to control. Performance Index and European efficiency factor were improved with early feed by OF and PS diets groups. Gastrointestinal tract length was increased by early feeding of OF and PS diets. Data indicated that chicks in OF and PS groups recorded the best values for dressing percentage , deboning ratio; thigh meat ratio and breast meat ratio compared to chick groups fed control or BEW at the end of experimental periods. Blood parameters as affected by EF using different experimental diets (OF, PS and BEW) showed higher values in experimental treatments than control. From economical point of view, it can be concluded that early feeding with OF and PS value for hatched chicks could be recommend for realizing best results of performance.

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“…Lipase activity was also influenced by the neonatal supplement (p < 0.05), and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate the dataStudies indicate that the activity of amylase and lipase oscillates during the life of the bird, and the peak can be reached at eight days of age (Maiorka, Dahlke, & Morgulis, 2006 The higher activity of pancreatic enzymes is related to the higher relative weight of the pancreas, so the presence of substrate and enzymatic activity are due to maturation of the pancreas (Moraes et al, 2008). The specific activity of lipase presented a distinct behavior when compared to the specific activity of amylase, because through the results obtained here the lipase activity was low.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Performance, gut morphometry and enzymatic activity of broilers fed neonatal supplementation in housing

Santos

Barbieri

Araujo

et al. 2018

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. The objective was to evaluate the performance, relative organ weight, morphometry, intestinal length and pancreatic enzyme activity of broilers receiving neonatal supplementation. A total of 900 Cobb 500 broiler chicks was housed in 30 boxes of 2.5 m². The treatments were divided in a completely randomized design with six replications, and consisted of five inclusion levels (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 grams per bird). The supplement used was based of amino acids, vitamins and minerals, which was provided on the ration on the first day in the housing. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS (2008) and when significant broken down using a polynomial regression. Due to the inclusion of the neonatal supplement in the period from one to seven and one to 21 days of age, the feed intake presented a linear effect and the weight gain, a quadratic effect. The relative weights of the gizzard and liver showed a quadratic effect, and the inclusions of 4.18 and 3.41 grams/bird provided the lowest weights, respectively. The jejunum villi height decreased with supplementation as well as the activity of pancreatic lipase. It can be concluded that neonatal supplementation benefited the performance of birds up to 21 days of age.Keywords: post-hatching phase; early nutrition; gastrointestinal tract; pancreatic enzymes.Desempenho, morfometria intestinal e atividade enzimática de frangos de corte alimentados com suplemento neonatal no alojamento RESUMO. O objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho, peso relativo de órgãos, morfometria, comprimento intestinal e atividade de enzimas pancreáticas de frangos de corte recebendo suplemento neonatal. Foram utilizados 900 pintos de corte da linhagem Cobb 500, alojados em 30 boxes de 2,5 m². Os tratamentos foram divididos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis repetições, e consistiram em cinco níveis de inclusão (0,0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10 gramas por ave). O suplemento utilizado foi à base de aminoácidos, vitaminas e minerais, o qual foi fornecido no primeiro dia de alojamento sobre a ração. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o SAS (2008) e quando significativos desdobrados em regressão polinomial. Em função da inclusão do suplemento neonatal no período de um a sete e de um a 21 dias de idade o consumo de ração apresentou efeito linear e o ganho de peso efeito quadrático. Os pesos relativos da moela e do fígado apresentaram efeito quadrático, e as inclusões de 4,18 e 3,41 gramas/ave proporcionaram os menores pesos respectivamente. A altura das vilosidades do jejuno diminuiu com a suplementação assim como a atividade da lipase pancreática. Conclui-se que a suplementação neonatal beneficiou o desempenho das aves até os 21 dias de idade.Palavras-chave: fase pós eclosão; nutrição precoce; trato gastrintestinal; enzimas pancreáticas.

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Broiler adaptation to post-hatching period

Abstract: In the latest years more attention has been given to mechanisms for bird adaptation at post-hatching period by management of environmental conditions and formulations of

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Structure of the Oesophagus and Morphometric, Histochemical–Immunohistochemical Profiles of the Oesophageal Gland During the Post‐hatching Period of Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Structure of the Oesophagus and Morphometric, Histochemical–Immunohistochemical Profiles of the Oesophageal Gland During the Post‐hatching Period of Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

The Effects of Early Post-Hatch Nutrition on Broiler Performance

<b>Performance, gut morphometry and enzymatic activity of broilers fed neonatal supplementation in housing

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