The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of using natural and synthetic antioxidants for improving growth performance, some blood parameters, manure characteristics and economical efficiency. A total number of 360 Ross breed chicks, two day old, were weighted and randomly distributed into six groups each of sixty birds; each group has three replicates each replicates has 20 birds which were allocated in individual pin. The experiment was approved at the same time following similar design. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. The experimental groups were arranged as the following: T1: (positive control),commercial diet, received a 23% crude protein (CP), starter, and 20% CP (grower), according to the breed requirements, without additives; T2: (negative control) received a 20% CP (starter) and 17% CP (grower) without additives; T3: negative control + 0.15g butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT)/ kg diet; T4: negative control + 3g pulicaria undulata powder/ kg diet. Results showed that: increasing feed intake, body weight and body weight gain at group T4 at 36 days. Also, group T4 at 36 days old was significantly (P < 0.05) the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to T2 group. Group T4 at 36 days old was significantly (P < 0.05) the best values of total protein (TP), albumen (A), globulin (G), A/G ratio, total antioxidant capacity (TAC),glucose (Glu) and triglyceride TG. Also, T4 significantly (P < 0.05) achieved the best values of % nitrogen (N) reducing compared to positive control. From economical point of view, it can be concluded that negative control + 3g pulicaria undulata powder/ kg diet (T4) value for chicks could be recommended for releasing best results of performance.

In this study Jerusalem artichoke tubers powder (JA) as a source of prebiotics at 3% and 6% levels was supplemented in quail chicks , diet to determine the growth performance. An experiment of 42 days was conducted with a flock of 270 unsexed one-day old chicks, were used in a completely randomized design (CRD with 3 treatments and 3 replicates). Treatments were control no additive, T1containing 3% (JA), T2 containing 6% (JA). All chicks had free access to feed and water ad libitum during the 6-wk experiment. Weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined. At the end of experiment three birds per replicate were slaughtered. The results indicated that, chicks fed 3% and 6 % Jerusalem artichoke had higher body weight gain at 42 days and performance index also, lower feed intake; and better feed conversion ratio compared to the control group. Feeding diet containing 6% had the highest total serum protein, Glucose and AST concentrations; moreover were lower than in the control diet. No significant effect of different levels of Jerusalem artichoke on carcass characteristics was detected. Evidently, it may be concluded that the dietary supplementation of Japanese quail chicks with 6% Jerusalem artichoke resulted in considerable improvement in the growth and economic efficiency without adverse effects on carcass characteristics or constituents of blood serum.

Poultry meat is a great source of protein and provides lots of nutrients such as iodine, iron, zinc, vitamins, and essential fatty acids that humans require. The positive applications of metal nanoparticles (NPs) in the diets of various poultry species were studied, in relation to their metabolic, antibacterial effects on digestion and regulation of bowel function. This study was carried out to test the effects of fabrication green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of Corallina elongata extract and/or coating NPs with acetic acid on performance, immune response parameters and micro-flora population in Ross broiler. Chicks’ drinking water was mixed with bio-AgNPs (1 mM) and coating NPs with acetic acid for 35 days. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and high resolution transmission electron microscope were used to determine the partial physiochemical characterizations of bio-AgNPs and coating ones. EDS analysis was used to determine the presence of AgNP in meat. Results confirmed that coating NPs with acetic acid reduced percentage of the micro-flora population, which were detected by VITEK® 2 system (BioMérieux, France) and identified as Pseudomonas orizihabitain 4211210040000210 and Sphinogomonas paucimobilis 5201210040000210. EDS analysis of meat chicks confirmed disappearance of Ag metals. Coating biogenic AgNPs with acetic acid on modulated intestinal microbial populations of the Ross broiler may be safe, and could be used as alternative antibiotics or antibacterial agents besides their physiological performance in small intestines of broiler chicken.

The effect of feeding different levels of sodium bentonite on Japanese quail chicks performance was studied. An experiment of 42 days was conducted with a flock of 240 unsexed one-day old chicks, distributed at random into 4 groups each in 3 replicates. Treatments were control no additive, T1containing 2% sodium bentonite, T2 containing 4% sodium bentonit and T3 containing 6% sodium bentonit). All chicks had free access to feed and water ad libitum during the 6-wk experiment. Average daily gain, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency were determined. The results indicated that, chicks fed 4% and 6 % bentonite had higher body weight gain at 42 days; performance index lower feed intake; and better feed conversion ratio compared to the control diet. Feeding diet containing 6% had the highest total serum protein, globulin, Glucose and AST concentrations; moreover lower in LDL and HDL than the control diet. No significant effect of different levels of sodium bentonite on the averages values of carcass characteristics. Evidently, it is concluded that the dietary supplementation of Japanese quail chicks with 6% sodium bentonit resulted in considerable improvement in the growth and economic efficiency without adverse effects on carcass characteristics and constituents of blood serum.

The current study was carried out to investigate the effect of sliver nanoparticles (40 -50 nm |) with Cotula cineria extract (CCE) on growing Rabbits Performance, Digestibility and Carcass quality. Total of 24 growing NewZealand white (NZW) rabbits of both sexes at 5 weeks of age (with average weight 857 ± 80.87g) were at random assigned to four equal groups, each group consists of 6 rabbits, in three replicates. . Rabbits in all experimental groups were fed the same basal diet. Rabbits in the 1 st group (control) were fed the basal diet without treatment, while in the 2 nd group were fed the basal diet treated with Extract at a dose of 250mg/rabbit/day, in the 3 rd group were fed the basal diet treated with sliver nanoparticles at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight (BW) per day, the 4 th group were fed the basal diet treated with sliver nanoparticles with Cotula cineria extract at a dose of 10mg / kg /day from sliver nanoparticles + 125 mg /rabbit /day from extract. Live body weight (LBW), digestibility coefficients (DC) and carcass traits were determined for up to 13 weeks of age. Results showed that Live body weight had significant effect (p<0.05) in 3 rd ,5 th week and no significant effect in all experimental weeks. Live body weight gain had no significant effect (p<0.05) in all experimental weeks and TG and the best values were in group (CCE). Feed intake weekly had significant effect (p<0.05) in all weeks of experiment and TFI, the best values were in group (CCE) (1291.7) in 3 rd week. No significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in FCR within experimental weeks except FCR5 the best value was in group (CCE) ( 2.25) in FCR1.About Carcass characteristics there was significant effect on Cecum length, Abdominal fat but differences in Live Body Weight, Cecum weight and Dressing %were not significant.Apparent digestibility of OM, CP and NFE were significantly (p<0.05) and the best values were in group (SNPs) (74.66,73.85,80,03 respectively)may be due to the effect of silver Nano particles on intestinal microbial populations and improve the health and immunological status of the birds This can provide the birds with an opportunity to expend less metabolic effort for immunological control purposes and to use surplus nutrients for other physiological and productive purposes Ferket P; (2011), Furthermore, it is speculated that, as a carrier of available oxygen, silver nanoparticles could also be a potent modifier of metabolism. Silver nanoparticles and it is possible that the oxygen that accumulates in the octahedral holes of silver nanoparticles may increase anabolic activity and subsequently stimulate growth and development.It is recommended to use sliver nanoparticles on growing rabbit diets, to improve performance, digestibility and carcass characteristics, Because of their unique biological properties and strong antimicrobial activity, silver nanoparticles have received considerable attention and been used widely in an increasing number of consumer and medical products.

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The present study aimed to investigate the effect of early feeding in hatcher baskets and chick boxes with and without experimental materials on broiler growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters and economical efficiency. A total number of 1980 eggs produced from Arber Acres plus (AA+) breed were incubated and randomly divided into equal 4 groups of nearly similar means of egg weight (EW) each with replicates for each treatment. Eggs were hatched in hatcher baskets with experimental materials. Only 420 day-old broilers male (AA+) chicks were divided into four feeding trials. The Experimental diets were distributed as following: control without feed at hatchery; boiled egg whites; (BEW), pieces of fruit orange (OF) and pre-starter diet (PS) were put at hatcher basket and chicks boxes. Live performance measurements for each feeding period were measured and/or calculated in terms of live body weight (LBW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), growth rate (GR), performance index (PI) and mortality rate. Also, European efficiency factor; carcass parameters, blood plasma constituents, and economical efficiency (EEf). Increasing body weight, feed intake due to early access to feed especially in OF and PS groups, meanwhile, BWG, FCR and GR for early feeding groups BWE, OF and PS were significantly improved compared to control. Performance Index and European efficiency factor were improved with early feed by OF and PS diets groups. Gastrointestinal tract length was increased by early feeding of OF and PS diets. Data indicated that chicks in OF and PS groups recorded the best values for dressing percentage , deboning ratio; thigh meat ratio and breast meat ratio compared to chick groups fed control or BEW at the end of experimental periods. Blood parameters as affected by EF using different experimental diets (OF, PS and BEW) showed higher values in experimental treatments than control. From economical point of view, it can be concluded that early feeding with OF and PS value for hatched chicks could be recommend for realizing best results of performance.