Broadleaf Mahonia attenuates granulomatous lobular mastitis‑associated inflammation by inhibiting CCL‑5 expression in macrophages

Abstract

Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a type of chronic mammary inflammation with unclear etiology. Currently systematic corticosteroids and methitrexate are considered as the main drugs for GLM treatment, but a high toxicity and risk of recurrence greatly limit their application. It is therefore an urgent requirement that safe and efficient natural drugs are found to improve the GLM prognosis. Broadleaf Mahonia (BM) is a traditional Chinese herb that is believed to have anti-inflammatory properties according to ancient records of traditional Chinese medicine. The present study investigated this belief and demonstrated that BM significantly inhibited the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in RAW264.7 cells, but had little influence on the cell viability, cell cycle and apoptosis. Meanwhile, the lipopolysaccharide-induced elevation of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide was also blocked following BM treatment, accompanied with decreased activity of nuclear factor-κB and MAPK signaling. A cytokine array further validated that BM exhibited significant inhibitory effects on several chemoattractants, including chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)-2, CCL-3, CCL-5 and secreted tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, among which CCL-5 exhibited the highest inhibition ratio in cell and clinical GLM specimens. Collectively, the results show that BM is a novel effective anti-inflammatory herb in vitro and ex vivo, and that CCL-5 may be closely associated with GLM pathogenesis.

Clinical characteristics and predictive factors of erythema nodosum in granulomatous lobular mastitis

“…23 In recent years, according to the size and depth of the abscesses, we prefer to treat it with incision and drainage(I&D) or debridement and drainage (D&D), since these treatments are associated with less damage, combining with traditional Chinese medicine regional wet compress (Broadleaf Mahonia liquor), and produce favourable outcomes. 24 Our study had a few limitations. Firstly, since it was a retrospective analysis, it is likely to have selection bias.…”

Relationship between granulomatous lobular mastitis and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism

“…Granulomatous lobular mastitis is very common in breast-feeding women. Mostly, it occurs in women within 6 years after giving birth[ 4 , 5 ]. However, the disease pathogenesis on granulomatous lobular mastitis is unclear.…”

Effectiveness of Comprehensive Traditional Chinese Therapy in Treating Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis: a Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis

“…In recent years, the significant effect of traditional Chinese medicine treatment on GLM had been reported by many clinical studies and investigations. For instance, in traditional Chinese herbal medicine, CCL-5 in Broadleaf Mahonia reported by Wang Z et al [21] was related to the pathogenesis of GLM and the prognosis of GLM was effectively improved by this safe and effective natural Chinese medicine. Taraxaci Herba, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Alba and semen citri reticulatae explored by Wu D et al [22] were used as effective drugs in combination of Chinese materia medica to treat mastitis through data mining and results researching.…”