Broadband modelling of indoor power-line channels

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper is to describe and model the characteristics of low voltage distribution lines inside consumer premises, when used as a broadband communication channel. Results from measurements performed both in the laboratory and in residential buildings, are presented and discussed. Also a channel model to simulate the behaviour of these lines for high bit-rate digital communicatiow is proposed. The model contemplates the topology of the power grid and the characteristics of the wires and loads connected to them; it incorporates as well statistical time variation of the loads, so that the dynamic evolution of the channel performance can be evaluated.

Power Line Communications for Smart Grid Applications

“…Further, through synchronizing channel measurements with the electrical grid AC mains cycle Cañete et al were able to show that the InHome channel changes in a cyclostationary manner [44][45][46].…”

“…Following, for example, [48,66] [44,67]. Besides, specific results on MIMO system noise are presented in [68,69].…”

Innovative model for time-varying power line communication channel response evaluation

“…The matrix can be accurately calculated when a numerical model of the two-port device is available [20]; in the same way, it can be obtained by direct measurements, by imposing incident power waves coincident with the function of the basis [the functions ] [20] or can be obtained straightforwardly when the matrix is known by calculating the convolutions between the functions and the elements of [22]. The latter is of fundamental importance when the model is obtained by the use of measurements results [6]; as a matter of fact, the matrix can be easily measured, and with a few calculations the corresponding is obtained. On the other hand, there are some cases of practical importance, where is calculated analytically, as shown in Table I.…”

“…For this reason, we will use the scattering transfer parameters, obtained by selecting and as the independent variables, written in (5) directly in the wavelet-domain (5) The matrix can be obtained from by the use of the following relation: (6) which requires only a matrix inversion (of the submatrix ) and some products. We remind that the submatrices are characterized by being sparse.…”

Coding and modulation for a horrible channel

“…For indoor PLC, other models based on transmission line theory were proposed (see Banwell and Galli [4,5], Esmailian et al [6], and Calliacoudas et al [7]. In particular, Banwell and Galli criticize the above top-down multipath modeling approach, on the basis that it essentially focuses on phenomenological aspects of the channel and therefore leads to an incomplete representation, not allowing a full explanation of the physics of signal propagation over power cables.…”