Broad band Rotman lens simulations in FDTD

Rotman lens is widely used to feed a phased array antenna to implement a beam forming network. In designing Rotman lens, one of the most important challenges is the phase error. In recent years, Rotman lens has been designed by using a non-focal idea whereas the position of ports are only optimised to reduce the phase error. Because of the unsuitable location of the ports, which causes mismatching and coupling, the previous non-focal method cannot be constructed easily. To implement the lens, a new scheme, converting three-focal Rotman lens to non-focal, is presented. By using a simple procedure, the phase error is properly reduced. To evaluate the proposed method, the non-focal Rotman lens has been implemented at 10 GHz. The simulation and measurement results illustrate that the method is implementable. Furthermore, the average improvement of the maximum phase error in the proposed lens, with five beam ports and five array ports with overall lens size of 15 × 15 cm 2 , is 36% better than the previous reported work.

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“…Full‐wave simulation of Rotman lens can predict its performance with a good approximation [21–23]. Fig.…”

Section: Simulation and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation and implementation for a non‐focal Rotman lens design

Rajabalian¹,

Zakeri

2015

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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“…Usually, 2D BFN produces 2D steerable fan beams, while 3D BFN generates 3D steerable pencil beams. They are limited to low-microwave frequencies due to low bit-bandwidth of current A/D devices [8]. It requires fast processors in order to form a coherence receiver.…”

Section: Development Of the Beamforming Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the earliest BFNs which originated from the Butler matrix. It consists of alternate rows of fixed phase shifters and hybrid junctions [8,9].…”

Section: Network Beamforming Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Development of Rotman Lens Antenna

Soni

Singhal²

2014

Chinese Journal of Engineering

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Rotman lenses are the beguiling devices used by the beamforming networks (BFNs). These lenses are generally used in the radar surveillance systems to see targets in multiple directions due to its multibeam capability without physically moving the antenna system. Now a days these lenses are being integrated into many radars and electronic warfare systems around the world. The antenna should be capable of producing multiple beams which can be steered without changing the orientation of the antenna. Microwave lenses are the one who support low-phase error, wideband, and wide-angle scanning. They are the true time delay (TTD) devices producing frequency independent beam steering. The emerging printed lenses in recent years have facilitated the advancement of designing high performance but low-profile, light-weight, and small-size and networks (BFNs). This paper will review and analyze various design concepts used over the years to improve the scanning capability of the lens developed by various researchers.

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“…First field is focused on the parameters design development in order to provide more freedoms in the model design besides taking the phase error in the consideration [14][15][16][17][18]. While the second scope interested on the approaches to determine phase and amplitude of the beams at the aperture [19,20]. Finally, third field of Rotman lens is discussed a methods used to design a complete algorithm to build and optimize a complete lens structure using computer aided design [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of wideband Rotman lens for wireless applications

et al. 2019

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An electrically steerable beam is an essential standard in the recent wireless application in order to increase the gain and reduce the interference. However, high performance of amplitude besides low phase error difficult to achieve without indicators are used to set lens parameters to desired optimum performance design level. In this paper, the introduced microstrip lens has examined a comprehensive explanation for parameters and indications amid a full wave structure methodology. Further, Phase and energy coupling between excited ports and received ports besides phase error and its relation with the lens parameters design are explained in detailed. A wideband beamforming network based on a printed microstrip Rotman lens with a ±26 o scanning angle was designed in this study. The designed lens operates at 2.45 GHz with 592 MHz bandwidth. The lens consists of five switchable ports (input ports) with four output ports that connected to the microstrip patch antennas. The five switchable ports were used to realize the scanning beams angle in the azimuth plane. The proposed model is simulated by CST Microwave Studio and fabricated on FR-4 with 1.565 mm thickness and 4.2 permittivity. A good agreement between simulation and measurement results were achieved.

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Broad band Rotman lens simulations in FDTD

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Optimisation and implementation for a non‐focal Rotman lens design

Optimisation and implementation for a non‐focal Rotman lens design

A Review on the Development of Rotman Lens Antenna

Design of wideband Rotman lens for wireless applications

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