Brittle Fracture of 2D MoSe<sub>2</sub>

Yang, Yingchao; Li, Xing; Wen, Minru; Hacopian, Emily; Gong, Yongji; Zhang, Jing; Li, Bo; Zhou, Wu; Ajayan, Pulickel M.; Chen, Qing; Zhu, Ting

doi:10.1002/adma.201604201

Cited by 154 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It is worth noting that our assumption regarding the length of the pre-existing cracks is consistent with recent experimental results that identify preexisting cracks with sizes ranging from a few nanometers up to several tens of nanometers in CVD-grown TMD atomic crystals. 36 We also note that possible oxidation at the edges of cracks does not significantly contribute into differences observed in the PL spectra collected from cracked and continuous regions. In fact, our observed shift in the PL peak position of MoS 2 films upon cracking is up to 140 meV (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…35 A simplistic insight into this discrepancy is provided by the well-known Griffith criterion, which predicts a reduction in fracture strength in the presence of defects or small cracks. 36,37 Based on the Griffith criterion, in the presence of a 2llong pre-existing crack, the critical strain ε c ð Þ can be estimated as ε c ¼ ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi ffi 2γ=πEl p ; where γ and E are the surface energy density and the Young's modulus of the TMD crystal, respectively. As explained in detail in SI, we estimate a range of E ≈ 177-270 GPa and an average value of γ ≈ 0.928 Joul/m 2 (assuming no plasticity around the crack tip).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strain relaxation via formation of cracks in compositionally modulated two-dimensional semiconductor alloys

et al. 2018

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Composition modulation of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has introduced an enticing prospect for the synthesis of Van der Waals alloys and lateral heterostructures with tunable optoelectronic properties. Phenomenologically, the optoelectronic properties of alloys are entangled to a strain that is intrinsic to synthesis processes. Here, we report an unprecedented biaxial strain that stems from the composition modulation of monolayer TMD alloys (e.g., MoS 2x Se 2(1 -x) ) and inflicts fracture on the crystals. We find that the starting crystal (MoSe 2 ) fails to adjust its lattice constant as the atoms of the host crystal (selenium) are replaced by foreign atoms (sulfur) during the alloying process. Thus, the resulting alloy forms a stretched lattice and experiences a large biaxial tensile strain. Our experiments show that the biaxial strain relaxes via formation of cracks in interior crystal domains or through less constraint bounds at the edge of the monolayer alloys. Griffith's criterion suggests that defects combined with a sulfur-rich environment have the potential to significantly reduce the critical strain at which cracking occurs. Our calculations demonstrate a substantial reduction in fracture-inducing critical strain from 11% (in standard TMD crystals) to a range below 4% in as-synthesized alloys.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain relaxation via formation of cracks in compositionally modulated two-dimensional semiconductor alloys

et al. 2018

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“…2D atomically thin materials show unique structural, mechanical, electrical, optical, and electronic properties, in part due to high surface/volume aspect ratio, which are very promising for industrial applications . 2D materials are reported to be good catalysts (e.g., electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and conventional heterogeneous catalysis), and competitive hydrogen generating materials as well . Till date, most of the exfoliated (mechanically or chemically) 2D materials have covalent in‐plane and van der Waals interlayer bondings .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Exfoliation of Icosahedral Quasicrystals

Yadav

Woellner

Sinha

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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The realization of quasicrystals has attracted a considerable attention due to their unusual structures and properties. The concept of quasicrystals in the atomically thin materials is even more appealing due to the in-plane covalent bonds and weak interlayer interactions. Here, it is demonstrated that 2D quasicrystals can be created/isolated from bulk phases because of long-range interlayer ordered aperiodic arrangements. An ultrasonication-assisted exfoliation of polygrained icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystals at room temperature shows the formation of a large area of mono-and few layers in threefold quasicrystalline plane. The formation of these layers from random grain orientation consistently indicates that the threefold plane is most stable in comparison to the twofold and fivefold planes in icosahedral clusters. The above experimental observations are further supported with help of theoretical simulations. The mono-and few-layered aperiodic planes render plentiful active sites for the catalysis of hydrogen evolution reaction. The threefold 2D quasicrystalline plane exhibits a hydrogen evolution reaction overpotential of ≈100 mV (160 times less than bulk counterpart) and long-term durability. These systems constitute the first demonstration of quasicrystalline monolayer ordering in a free-standing thin layer without requiring the support of periodic or aperiodic substrate.

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“…2D materials elastic strain limit can be explained by atomic models that predict that 2D covalently bonded layers can endure significantly higher strains (up to ≈40%) than their corresponding ionic bonded bulk forms (≈18%) . Besides, 2D materials have a nonlinear elastic behavior and reduced plastic regime, where the fracture happens directly due to the brittle limit (covalent bonds rupture) . Graphene is the strongest 2D material having a breaking strain limit up to 25%.…”

Section: D Materials For Flexible Photodetectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Photodetector Based on 2D Materials: Processing, Architectures, and Applications

Dong

Simões

Yang

2020

Adv Materials Inter

135

111

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Flexible photodetectors have emerged during the past few years for applications in healthcare, security, and environmental monitoring. Recently, 2D materials have started being implemented as functional layers in flexible photodetector due to their outstanding optoelectronic characteristics paired with high mechanical flexibility. In this work, the authors analyze the progress of 2D material‐based flexible photodetectors architectures, with a focus on graphene family, (Di)chalcogenides and van der Waals heterostructures. The optical and mechanical characteristics of 2D materials flexible photodetectors are systematically analyzed. Furthermore, the processing techniques compatible with flexible substrates and proof‐of‐concept sensors integrating 2D material flexible photodetectors are also reviewed. In the last section, the remaining challenges and future perspectives are discussed, envisioning to support future developments in the field.

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Brittle Fracture of 2D MoSe₂

Cited by 154 publications

References 37 publications

Strain relaxation via formation of cracks in compositionally modulated two-dimensional semiconductor alloys

Strain relaxation via formation of cracks in compositionally modulated two-dimensional semiconductor alloys

Liquid Exfoliation of Icosahedral Quasicrystals

Flexible Photodetector Based on 2D Materials: Processing, Architectures, and Applications

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Brittle Fracture of 2D MoSe2

Cited by 154 publications

References 37 publications

Strain relaxation via formation of cracks in compositionally modulated two-dimensional semiconductor alloys

Strain relaxation via formation of cracks in compositionally modulated two-dimensional semiconductor alloys

Liquid Exfoliation of Icosahedral Quasicrystals

Flexible Photodetector Based on 2D Materials: Processing, Architectures, and Applications

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Brittle Fracture of 2D MoSe₂