Brillouin spectroscopy of optical microfibers and nanofibers

Godet, Adrien; Ndao, Abdoulaye; Sylvestre, Thibaut; Pêcheur, Vincent; Lebrun, Sylvie; Pauliat, Gilles; Beugnot, Jean‐Charles; Huy, Kien Phan

doi:10.1364/optica.4.001232

Cited by 64 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Figure 2(b) shows a typical experimental Brillouin spectrum in red, measured for an unstrained ONF with a diameter of 660-nm and a length of 80 mm. Note that these parameters were precisely estimated using the recent technique described by Beugnot et al 26 . As can be seen, the spectrum exhibits many frequency peaks in the frequency range 5-12 GHz, that are actually the signature of all the Brillouin acoustic resonances from both the tapered and un-tapered fiber sections.…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear elasticity of silica nanofiber

et al. 2019

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Optical nanofibers (ONFs) are excellent nanophotonic platforms for various applications such as optical sensing, quantum and nonlinear optics, due to both the tight optical confinement and their wide evanescent field in the sub-wavelength limit. Other remarkable features of these ultrathin fibers are their surface acoustic properties and their high tensile strength. Here we investigate Brillouin light scattering in silica-glass tapered optical fibers under high tensile strain and show that the fundamental properties of elastic waves dramatically change due to elastic anisotropy and nonlinear elasticity for strain larger than 2%. This yields to unexpected and remarkable Brillouin strain coefficients for all Brillouin resonances including surface and hybrid waves, followed by a nonlinear evolution at high tensile strength. We further provide a complete theoretical analysis based on third-order nonlinear elasticity of silica that remarkably agrees with our experimental data. These new regimes open the way to the development of compact tensile strain optical sensors based on nanofibers.

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Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear elasticity of silica nanofiber

et al. 2019

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“…SBS over fiber, which involves a single, longitudinal bulk-like acoustic mode and a single spatial optical mode, is regarded as a specific case of a much broader portfolio of possible configurations of light and sound interactions [62]. Research on SBS in micro-wire and integrated-photonic platforms is flourishing, with exciting results in silica [30,48,49,63,64], chalcogenide glasses [29,33,[53][54][55][56], silicon-nitride [65], and even silicon [66,67]. In parallel with these advances, analysis techniques that were developed for the purpose of sensing over fibers are being adapted by the broader opto-mechanics community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phase-coded B-OCDA also finds novel application in the mapping of opto-mechanical interactions along tapered glass micro-wires [29,30]. Optical fibers that are tapered down to micron-scale diameter support a rich variety of bulk, surface, and hybrid guided acoustic modes [48,49]. The spectrum of stimulated Brillouin scattering through multiple acoustic modes strongly depends on the geometry of the micro-fiber [48,49].…”

Section: Applications Of Phase-coded Brillouin Optical Correlation-domentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical fibers that are tapered down to micron-scale diameter support a rich variety of bulk, surface, and hybrid guided acoustic modes [48,49]. The spectrum of stimulated Brillouin scattering through multiple acoustic modes strongly depends on the geometry of the micro-fiber [48,49]. In 2015, Chow and co-authors used phase-coded B-OCDA to measure the local diameter of a 13-cm-long chalcogenide glass micro-wire with a spatial resolution of 1.3 mm [29].…”

Section: Applications Of Phase-coded Brillouin Optical Correlation-domentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-Coded and Noise-Based Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Analysis

2018

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Correlation-domain analysis has enabled distributed measurements of Brillouin gain spectra along optical fibers with high spatial resolution, up to millimeter-scale. The method relies on the joint modulation of counter-propagating Brillouin pump and signal waves so that their complex envelopes are correlated in select positions only. Brillouin optical correlation-domain analysis was first proposed nearly 20 years ago based on frequency modulation of the two waves. This paper reviews two more recent variants of the concept. In the first, the Brillouin pump and signal waves are co-modulated by high-rate binary phase sequences. The scheme eliminates restricting trade-offs between the spatial resolution and the range of unambiguous measurements, and may also suppress noise due to residual Brillouin interactions outside the correlation peak. Sensor setups based on phase coding addressed 440,000 high-resolution points and showed potential for reaching over 2 million such points. The second approach relies on the amplified spontaneous emission of optical amplifiers, rather than the modulation of an optical carrier, as the source of Brillouin pump and signal waves. Noise-based correlation-domain analysis reaches sub-millimeter spatial resolution. The application of both techniques to tapered micro-fibers and planar waveguides is addressed as well.

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“…The waveguide is scanned by changing the position of the correlation peak along the waveguide. ameter based on backward Brillouin spectroscopy was reported by [14]. On-chip waveguide characterization was also performed using distributed SBS measurement on a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) [10] and more recently on a chacogenide photonic waveguide [27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Brillouin spectroscopy of a hybrid silicon-chalcogenide waveguide with geometrical variations

et al. 2018

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Recent advances in design and fabrication of photonic-phononic waveguides have enabled stimulated Brillouin scattering in silicon-based platforms such as underetched silicon waveguides and hybrid waveguides. Due to the sophisticated design and, more importantly, high sensitivity of the Brillouin resonances to geometrical variations in micro- and nano-scale structures, it is necessary to have access to the localized opto-acoustic response along those waveguides to monitor their uniformity and maximize their interaction strength. In this Letter, we design and fabricate photonic-phononic waveguides with a deliberate width variation on a hybrid silicon-chalcogenide photonic chip and confirm the effect of the geometrical variation on the localized Brillouin response using a distributed Brillouin measurement.

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Brillouin spectroscopy of optical microfibers and nanofibers

Cited by 64 publications

References 38 publications

Nonlinear elasticity of silica nanofiber

Nonlinear elasticity of silica nanofiber

Phase-Coded and Noise-Based Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Analysis

Brillouin spectroscopy of a hybrid silicon-chalcogenide waveguide with geometrical variations

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