Brief Tone Audiometry: Results in Normal and Impaired Ears

Sanders, Jay W.; Honig, Elizabeth Alice

doi:10.1001/archotol.1967.00760040642010

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Numerous studies in the psychoacoustic literature have been concerned with the development of an effective diagnostic technique for assessing temporal integration functions in suspected or established hearing-impaired subjects (Harris, Haines, & Myers, 1958;Sanders & Honig, 1967;Woodford et al, 1975). Such a test would be particularly applicable to subjects with hearing deficits of cochlear etiology since these people are generally deficient in their capacity to integrate acoustic energy to normal threshold levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal integration of acoustic stimulation obtained in reflex inhibition in rats and humans.

Dykman¹,

Ison²

1979

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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An acoustic stimulus (SI) presented just before reflex elicitation inhibits reflex expression. The present studies questioned whether inhibition provided by initial stimuli of various durations conforms to established temporal integration functions. Initial stimuli were noise bursts varying in duration (2, 20, or 200 msec) and intensity (55 or 85 dB). Eliciting stimuli (S2) for rats were intense tone bursts, which elicited the acoustic startle reflex, and for humans electrotactile stimuli to the forehead, which elicited the eye blink. Findings revealed that inhibition was greater with the 85-dB Si stimulus and increased linearly with log increases in duration. These latter data suggest that the acoustic substrate for reflex inhibition has a long-time constant. There was one exception to this general finding. For seven (of nine) human subjects, inhibition declined when the duration of the 85-dB SI was increased from 20 to 200 msec. Postexperimental questioning and video monitoring suggest that this anomaly resulted from a reflex enhancing arousal process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal integration of acoustic stimulation obtained in reflex inhibition in rats and humans.

Dykman¹,

Ison²

1979

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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“…High thresholds are a symptom of pathology but we are often unable to say what that pathology is; the same high threshold could imply different underlying causes. A possible basis for differentiation lies in "brief-tone audiometry" where multiple threshold measurements are made at different tone durations (Elliott, 1963;Sanders and Honig, 1967;Richards and Dunn, 1974;Wright, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychophysics of absolute threshold and signal duration: A probabilistic approach

Meddis

Lecluyse

2011

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The absolute threshold for a tone depends on its duration; longer tones have lower thresholds. This effect has traditionally been explained in terms of "temporal integration" involving the summation of energy or perceptual information over time. An alternative probabilistic explanation of the process is formulated in terms of simple equations that predict not only the time=duration dependence but also the shape of the psychometric function at absolute threshold. It also predicts a tight relationship between these two functions. Measurements made using listeners with either normal or impaired hearing show that the probabilistic equations adequately fit observed threshold-duration functions and psychometric functions. The mathematical formulation implies that absolute threshold can be construed as a two-valued function: (a) gain and (b) sensory threshold, and both parameters can be estimated from threshold-duration data. Sensorineural hearing impairment is sometimes associated with a smaller threshold=duration effect and sometimes with steeper psychometric functions. The equations explain why these two effects are expected to be linked. The probabilistic approach has the potential to discriminate between hearing deficits involving gain reduction and those resulting from a raised sensory threshold.

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“…The effect of stimulus duration on psychophysical measures, such as detection threshold, has long been thought to reflect the existence of temporal integration or evidence accumulation; a process characterized by a variety of different models across sensory modalities (Gerken et al 1983;Huk & Shadlen, 2005;Viemeister & Wakefield, 1991;Watson, 1979). Within the auditory domain, the clinical utility of the relationship between duration and detection threshold has been well known for some time, in the form of short-tone audiometry (Chung and Smith, 1980;Chung, 1981;Chung, 1982;Sanders & Honig, 1967). This relationship between stimulus duration and perceptual measures has also been described experimentally when measuring reaction time (RT) as a function of stimulus duration (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tone duration on three psychophysical measures of temporal integration in rhesus macaques

Mackey¹,

A²,

Ramachandran³

2021

Preprint

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The relationship between sound duration and detection performance has long been thought to reflect temporal integration, and has been well studied in both humans and animal models. Reports of species differences are equivocal, with some metanalyses reporting no species differences, and others reporting substantial differences. This renders translational work in animals problematic. To re-evaluate this issue, tone detection performance was measured in rhesus macaques using a Go/No-Go reaction time detection task at various stimulus durations, and in the presence of broadband noise (BBN). Detection thresholds, reaction times (RT), and psychometric function slopes were calculated. All three measures were sensitive to tone duration, consistent with temporal integration. The rate of threshold change with duration was similar to human data, and was equally well fit by power law and exponential functions. The effect of tone duration on RT is the first reported in animals. BBN significantly affected how slopes changed with duration, and elevated thresholds, but did not affect how threshold or RT changed with duration. To begin investigating what processes may underlie these behavioral measures, the data were then compared to data generated using a probabilistic Poisson process model, previously compared to human data. The Poisson model recapitulated the effects of duration on threshold and psychometric slope. These behavioral data provide evidence that macaques are an exceptional model of human temporal integration, and the modeling results point the way forward for future neurophysiological studies.

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Brief Tone Audiometry: Results in Normal and Impaired Ears

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Temporal integration of acoustic stimulation obtained in reflex inhibition in rats and humans.

Temporal integration of acoustic stimulation obtained in reflex inhibition in rats and humans.

The psychophysics of absolute threshold and signal duration: A probabilistic approach

Effects of tone duration on three psychophysical measures of temporal integration in rhesus macaques

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