Bridging to circular bioeconomy through a novel biorefinery platform on a wastewater treatment plant

Going beyond conventional wastewater treatment plants within circular bioeconomy concept – a sustainability assessment study

“…Accordingly, the recovery of both P and Nin the form of ammoniumfrom RW was targeted using a two-step bio-electrochemical system (BES). The successful nutrient recovery from AD effluents and RW via BES for further valorization into MP has been reported in the authors' earlier studies (Yang et al 2021) and its sustainability has been reported by Marami et al (2022). In BES, active microorganisms transfer ions between electrodes and stimulate denitrification at the cathode compartment (Arredondo et al 2015).…”

“…The literature review showed that the potential of WWTP-based biorefinery platforms for MP and bioenergy production by the treatment of municipal wastewater and OFMSW has not been scrutinized yet. A recent study was conducted by Marami et al (2022) to investigate various pathways for nutrients extraction from wastewater and deploying methane in different forms (i.e., biogas and upgraded biomethane) for MP production. They found that the lack of sufficient nutrients in wastewater would hinder the sustainability of integrated WWTPs and MP production facilities.…”

From renewable energy to sustainable protein sources: Advancement, challenges, and future roadmaps

“…If this biogas is biologically upgraded into biomethane, 103.74 kg biomethane per tonne of biopulp will be available. Under such circumstances, 28.45% of the initial biogas or 17.78% of upgraded biogas would be enough to valorize 2.71 kg ammonium nitrogen to MP [33]. As can be seen, for a given amount of biopulp, only a small fraction of its biogas/methane potential is needed to upcycle its nitrogen content into MP (details can be seen in supplementary file SI-1).…”

“…In this context, water electrolysis which is used for hydrolytic hydrogen production has small contribute the overall water footprint of MP production (Supplementary information SI-3). Having included the water consumption of electrolyzer facilities coupled with biological biogas upgrading [51], MOB-based MP production requires up to 137 L water.kg − 1 pure protein depending on the waste effluents and opted pretreatment method [33]. Hydrogen production utilizes 3.5-8.1 L water.…”

Rapid detection of chemical oxygen demand, pH value, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen in biogas slurry by near infrared spectroscopy

“…With the stricter sewage discharge standards and higher environmental quality requirements, the development of advanced test methods with the characteristics of automation, instantaneity and networking is in urgent need. 2 Recently, with the continuous progress in spectral technologies, near infrared reectance (NIR) spectral analysis has become a popular tool adopted in many elds, such as agriculture, [3][4][5] medicine, 6 petrochemical industry, 7 life sciences, [8][9][10] and environmental sciences. 11 In particular, it is extensively used in the latest advances, such as computer technology, 12 spectral technology, [13][14][15] chemometrics, 16,17 and other disciplines.…”