Breeding systems in the lichen-forming fungal genus Cladonia

Seymour, Fabian A.; Crittenden, P. D.; Dickinson, Matthew; Paoletti, Mathieu; Montiel, Dolores; Cho, Lily; Dyer, Paul S.

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2005.03.006

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Both species turned out to be self-fertile (homothallic). A recent study on breeding systems in the genus Cladonia revealed heterothallism in C. Xoerkeana, C. galindezii, and C. portentosa by RAPD and AFLP analysis (Seymour et al, 2005). These data were conWrmed by ampliWcation and sequencing of a HMG-box gene fragment in C. galindezii showing homology to MAT-2 genes of other Wlamentous ascomycetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Characterisation of the mating-type locus in the genus Xanthoria (lichen-forming ascomycetes, Lecanoromycetes)

Scherrer

Zippler

Honegger

2005

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Characterisation of the mating-type locus in the genus Xanthoria (lichen-forming ascomycetes, Lecanoromycetes)

Scherrer

Zippler

Honegger

2005

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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“…A PCR fragment was amplified from genomic DNA of A. oryzae strain AO6 using the degenerate primer pair MAT5-4 and MAT3-2 according to the method of Seymour et al (60). These primers were designed to amplify conserved HMG domainencoding sequences within pezizomycete MAT1-2 genes (60).…”

Section: Strains and Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence and Functionality of Mating Type Genes in the Supposedly Asexual Filamentous Fungus Aspergillus oryzae

Wada

Maruyama

Yamaguchi

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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ABSTRACTThe potential for sexual reproduction inAspergillus oryzaewas assessed by investigating the presence and functionality ofMATgenes. Previous genome studies had identified aMAT1-1gene in the reference strain RIB40. We now report the existence of a complementaryMAT1-2gene and the sequencing of an idiomorphic region fromA. oryzaestrain AO6. This allowed the development of a PCR diagnostic assay, which detected isolates of theMAT1-1andMAT1-2genotypes among 180 strains assayed, including industrialtane-kojiisolates. Strains used for sake and miso production showed a near-1:1 ratio of the MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 mating types, whereas strains used for soy sauce production showed a significant bias toward the MAT1-2 mating type. MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 isogenic strains were then created by genetic manipulation of the resident idiomorph, and gene expression was compared by DNA microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) methodologies under conditions in whichMATgenes were expressed. Thirty-three genes were found to be upregulated more than 10-fold in either the MAT1-1 host strain or the MAT1-2 gene replacement strain relative to each other, showing that both theMAT1-1andMAT1-2genes functionally regulate gene expression inA. oryzaein a mating type-dependent manner, the first such report for a supposedly asexual fungus.MAT1-1expression specifically upregulated an α-pheromone precursor gene, but the functions of most of the genes affected were unknown. The results are consistent with a heterothallic breeding system inA. oryzae, and prospects for the discovery of a sexual cycle are discussed.

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“…The choice of a particular marker should be based on i) technical complexity of (Murtagh et al 1999;Printzen et al 1999;Dyer et al 2001;Honegger et al 2004a;Honegger et al 2004b;Seymour et al 2005a 16 † S, sexual; V, vegetative; V(S), predominantly vegetative dispersal; S/V, thalli either sexual or vegetative; -, no information available; ‡ mt, mitochondrial locus; mtr, locus belonging to the mitochondrial ribosomal DNA cluster; nr, locus located within the nuclear ribosomal DNA cluster; LSU, large subunit; SSU, small subunit; intron, intron polymorphism; flp, fragment length polymorphism; ITS, internal transcribed spacer; IGS, intergenic spacer; RPB2, RNA polymerase subunit 2; CHS1, chitin synthase 1; SSR, simple sequence repeat (microsatellite); COX1, cytochrome c oxidase, subunit 1; EFA, Elongation factor 1-; GPD, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; UID, an unidentified locus highly similar to glycine dehydrogenase; ¶ 0·019 ns if multiple alleles were included. § Overall measure across continents * P % 0·05; +, 0·05< P < 0·1; ns, not significant at P % 0·05 » CH, Switzerland; BC, British Columbia, Canada.…”

Section: Techniques For Recent Dna-based Population Genetic Studies Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genetics of lichen-forming fungi – a review

Werth

2010

The Lichenologist

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Population genetics investigates the distribution of genetic variation in natural populations and the genetic differentiation among populations. Lichen-forming fungi are exciting subjects for population genetic studies due to their obligate symbiosis with a green-algal and/or cyanobacterial photobiont, and because their different reproductive strategies could influence fungal genetic structures in various ways. In this review, first, I briefly summarize the results from studies of chemotype variation in populations of lichen-forming fungi. Second, I compare and evaluate the DNA-based molecular tools available for population genetics of lichen-forming fungi. Third, I review the literature available on the genetic structure of lichen fungi to show general trends. I discuss some fascinating examples, and point out directions for future research.

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Breeding systems in the lichen-forming fungal genus Cladonia

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

Characterisation of the mating-type locus in the genus Xanthoria (lichen-forming ascomycetes, Lecanoromycetes)

Characterisation of the mating-type locus in the genus Xanthoria (lichen-forming ascomycetes, Lecanoromycetes)

Presence and Functionality of Mating Type Genes in the Supposedly Asexual Filamentous Fungus Aspergillus oryzae

Population genetics of lichen-forming fungi – a review

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