Breeding options for improving common bean for resistance against bean fly (Ophiomyia spp.): a review of research in eastern and southern Africa

Ojwang, Pascal P. Okwiri; Melis, Rob; Githiri, Mwangi; Songa, J. M.

doi:10.1007/s10681-011-0373-6

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…They are distinguished by larval morphology, but together cause large-scale economic damage to common beans wherever they are found across a wide range of Sub-Saharan Africa. BSM attack is most severe during the seedling stages of the crop, when infestation usually leads to plant death [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait associations in common bean genotypes grown under drought stress and field infestation by BSM bean fly

et al. 2015

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Understanding functional relations among plant traits and their modulation by growing conditions is imperative in designing selection strategies for breeding programs. This study assessed trait relationships among 196 common bean genotypes exposed to stresses for drought and field infestation of bean fly or bean stem maggot (BSM). The study was carried out at two locations and data was analyzed with linear correlation, path coefficient and genotype × trait biplot analyses. Multiple trait data related to mechanisms of drought and bean fly tolerance were collected on 196 genotypes grown under i) water deficit at mid-pod fill, or ii) unprotected against bean fly; iii) irrigated, well watered conditions, or iv) bean fly protection with chemicals. Seed yield exhibited positive and significant correlations with leaf chlorophyll content, vertical root pulling resistance, pod harvest index, pods per plant and seeds per pod at both phenotypic and genotypic levels under stress and non-stress conditions. Genotypic correlations of traits with seed yield were greater than their respective phenotypic correlations across environments indicating the greater contribution of genotypic factors to the trait correlation. Pods per plant and seeds per pod had high positive direct effects on seed yield both under stress and non-stress whereas pods per plant had the highest indirect effect on seed yield through pod harvest index under stress.In general, our results suggest that vertical root pulling resistance and pod harvest index are important selection objectives for improving seed yield in common beans under non-stress and stress conditions, and particularly useful for drought and BSM tolerance evaluation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait associations in common bean genotypes grown under drought stress and field infestation by BSM bean fly

et al. 2015

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“…Insect resistance and tolerance has been shown to be generally quantitative and polygenic [85]. Several traits were shown to specifically deter the herbivory of insect pests including changes in both epidermal and chemical composition, including leaf glossiness, cuticular wax, trichome density, and hormone production.…”

Section: Energy and Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

- Energy Savings by Adopting Precision Agriculture in Rural Usa

Etingoff¹

2014

Agricultural Resource Use and Management

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World population is projected to reach its maximum (~10 billion people) by the year 2050. This 45% increase of the current world population (approaching seven billion people) will boost the demand for food and raw materials. However, we live in a historical moment when supply of phosphate, water, and oil are at their peaks. Modern agriculture is fundamentally based on varieties bred for high performance under high input systems (fertilizers, water, oil, pesticides), which generally do not perform well under low-input situations. We propose a shift of research goals and plant breeding objectives from high-performance agriculture at high-energy input to those with an improved rationalization between yield and energy input. Crop breeding programs that are more focused on nutrient economy and local environmental fitness will help reduce energy demands for crop production while still providing adequate amounts of high quality food as global resources decline and population is projected to increase.

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“…The common bean Phaseolus vulgaris Linnaeus (Fabaceae) is an important crop in the tropics, mainly in Africa and Latin America (HILLOCKS et al, 2006;OJWANG' et al, 2011), as it is a rich source of protein in the dietery of over 500 million of people worldwide (BROUGHTON et al 2003;CORTÉS et al, 2012). The grains of this Fabaceae are usually stored for several months after harvesting or even for longer periods of time when the commodity prices are lower than desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Botanical Insecticides as an Alternative for the Management of the Mexican Bean Weevil

2016

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-This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of eight botanical species in the behavior and biological development of Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) under laboratory conditions. The botanical species were applied on bean grains (Phaseolus vulgaris Linnaeus) directly as powder or indirectly within TNT bags. Three laboratory assays were performed. First, a repellent activity test was performed by exposing twenty couples of Z. subfasciatus adults in a choice-test arena. Second, a mortality test was performed for seven days after infestation. Finally, the oviposition and emergency rates of adults (%) and the development from egg to adult (in days) were evaluated in seven couples (males and females) for seven days inside of a vial containing 0.3g of the powder from each botanical species and 10 g of bean grains (3% w.w -1 ). The study was conducted in a completely randomized design, and the treatments were arranged as a factorial design (2 x 9) with two factors (factor 1= powder and TNT bag application forms and factor 2= eight botanical species and control) with eight replications. The powder application form was more efficient in controlling Z. subfasciatus. Azadirachta indica (powder application), Ruta graveolens (powder application), and Piper aduncum (TNT bag) reduced the infestation of adults. The species A. inidica, Piper tuberculatum, Trichilia catigua, Pfaffia glomerata, R. graveolens, and Mentha pulegium inhibited the oviposition of the insects regardless of the formulation applied. R. graveolens (powder application) caused 100% of mortality. The powder application of R. graveolens and M. pulegium reduced egg viability and insect emergence; therefore, they are very promising alternatives to control Z. subfasciatus in stored grains.Keywords: Bruchinae. Chrysomelidae. Zabrotes subfasciatus. INSETICIDAS VEGETAIS COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA O MANEJO DO CARUNCHO-DO-FEIJÃORESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de pós de oito espécies botânicas, misturados aos grãos de feijão, Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae), ou em sachês, sobre os aspectos comportamentais e de desenvolvimento biológico de Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) em laboratório. Três ensaios foram realizados. Primeiro, a repelência de adultos de Z. subfasciatus pelas espécies vegetais foi avaliada com 20 casais em teste com chance de escolha. Segundo, a mortalidade de adultos foi avaliada, diariamente, até o sétimo dia após a infestação. Terceiro, sete casais foram mantidos por sete dias em recipientes contendo 0,3 g de pó de cada espécie vegetal e 10 g de grãos de feijão (3% p.p -1 ) para avaliação dos parâmetros oviposição, emergência de adultos (%) e período de desenvolvimento ovo-adulto (dias) de Z. subfasciatus. Os ensaios seguiram arranjo fatorial 2 x 9 (fator 1 = formas de aplicação pó e sachê; fator 2 = oito espécies vegetais e testemunha) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com oito repetições. A forma de pó foi mais eficiente no controle de Z. subfasciatus.

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Breeding options for improving common bean for resistance against bean fly (Ophiomyia spp.): a review of research in eastern and southern Africa

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Trait associations in common bean genotypes grown under drought stress and field infestation by BSM bean fly

Trait associations in common bean genotypes grown under drought stress and field infestation by BSM bean fly

- Energy Savings by Adopting Precision Agriculture in Rural Usa

Use of Botanical Insecticides as an Alternative for the Management of the Mexican Bean Weevil

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