Breeding for mildew resistance in grapevine to improve environmental and socio-economic sustainability in hotspot areas of Veneto

Nardi, Barbara De; Santellani, F.; Possamai, Tyrone; Velasco, Riccardo

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2019.1248.45

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…PCR reactions were performed following the conditions described in Blasi et al [ 72 ]. The SSR SC8-0071-014 and Sc47_20 [ 19 ] were screened in a subsample of individuals of both breeding populations and in the 105 Caucasian varieties conserved at CREA-VE (Additional file 7 : Table S3) as described in De Nardi et al [ 73 ]. PCR fragments were analysed with GeneMapper 4.0 software (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a high-density genetic map and detection of a major QTL of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Sch.) in Caucasian grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

et al. 2021

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Background Vitis vinifera L. is the most cultivated grapevine species worldwide. Erysiphe necator Sch., the causal agent of grape powdery mildew, is one of the main pathogens affecting viticulture. V. vinifera has little or no genetic resistances against E. necator and the grape industry is highly dependent on agrochemicals. Some Caucasian V. vinifera accessions have been reported to be resistant to E. necator and to have no genetic relationships to known sources of resistance to powdery mildew. The main purpose of this work was the study and mapping of the resistance to E. necator in the Caucasian grapes ‘Shavtsitska’ and ‘Tskhvedianis tetra’. Results The Caucasian varieties ‘Shavtsitska’ and ‘Tskhvedianis tetra’ showed a strong partial resistance to E. necator which segregated in two cross populations: the resistant genotypes delayed and limited the pathogen mycelium growth, sporulation intensity and number of conidia generated. A total of 184 seedlings of ‘Shavtsitska’ x ‘Glera’ population were genotyped through the Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) technology and two high-density linkage maps were developed for the cross parents. The QTL analysis revealed a major resistance locus, explaining up to 80.15% of the phenotypic variance, on ‘Shavtsitska’ linkage group 13, which was associated with a reduced pathogen infection as well as an enhanced plant necrotic response. The genotyping of 105 Caucasian accessions with SSR markers flanking the QTL revealed that the resistant haplotype of ‘Shavtsitska’ was shared by ‘Tskhvedianis tetra’ and a total of 25 Caucasian grape varieties, suggesting a widespread presence of this resistance in the surveyed germplasm. The uncovered QTL was mapped in the region where the Ren1 locus of resistance to E. necator, identified in the V. vinifera ‘Kishmish vatkana’ and related grapes of Central Asia, is located. The genetic analysis conducted revealed that the Caucasian grapes in this study exhibit a resistant haplotype different from that of Central Asian grape accessions. Conclusions The QTL isolated in ‘Shavtsitska’ and present in the Caucasian V. vinifera varieties could be a new candidate gene of resistance to E. necator to use in breeding programmes. It co-localizes with the Ren1 locus but shows a different haplotype from that of grapevines of Central Asia. We therefore consider that the Caucasian resistance locus, named Ren1.2, contains a member of a cluster of R-genes, of which the region is rich, and to be linked with, or possibly allelic, to Ren1.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a high-density genetic map and detection of a major QTL of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Sch.) in Caucasian grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

et al. 2021

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“…RPxK and RPxS populations, including the parents as well as the control V. vinifera varieties, were analyzed for the presence of resistance haplotypes by using SSR markers as described in De Nardi et al [ 25 ], according to their expected resistance sources ( Rpv3-1 , Rpv3-3 , Rpv10 and Rpv12 loci). Genomic DNA was extracted from about 50 mg of young leaf tissue using “DNeasy 96 Plant Kit” (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rpv Mediated Defense Responses in Grapevine Offspring Resistant to Plasmopara viticola

Possamai

Migliaro²,

Gardiman³

et al. 2020

Plants

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Downy mildew, caused by the biotrophic oomycete Plasmopara viticola, is one of the most serious grapevine diseases. The development of new varieties, showing partial resistance to downy mildew, through traditional breeding provides a sustainable and effective solution for disease management. Marker-assisted-selection (MAS) provide fast and cost-effective genotyping methods, but phenotyping remains necessary to characterize the host–pathogen interaction and assess the effective resistance level of new varieties as well as to validate MAS selection. In this study, the Rpv mediated defense responses were investigated in 31 genotypes, encompassing susceptible and resistant varieties and 26 seedlings, following inoculation of leaf discs with P. viticola. The offspring differed in Rpv loci inherited (none, one or two): Rpv3-3 and Rpv10 from Solaris and Rpv3-1 and Rpv12 from Kozma 20-3. To improve the assessment of different resistance responses, pathogen reaction (sporulation) and host reaction (necrosis) were scored separately as independent features. They were differently expressed depending on Rpv locus: offspring carrying Rpv3-1 and Rpv12 loci showed the strongest resistance response (scarce sporulation and necrosis), those carrying Rpv3-3 locus showed the highest levels of necrosis while Rpv10 carrying genotypes showed intermediate levels of both sporulation and necrosis.

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“…In the greenhouse, E. necator encounters optimal growth conditions and may develop natural infections (De Nardi et al, 2019 ). However, to encourage PM and its homogeneous distribution, naturally or artificially infected V. vinifera plants are often placed among the population of grapevines to be phenotyped (Hoffmann et al, 2008 ; Ramming et al, 2011 ; Mahanil et al, 2012 ; van Heerden et al, 2014 ; Karn et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Phenotyping In the Greenhousementioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping for QTL identification: A case study of resistance to Plasmopara viticola and Erysiphe necator in grapevine

Possamai

Wiedemann‐Merdinoglu

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Vitis vinifera is the most widely cultivated grapevine species. It is highly susceptible to Plasmopara viticola and Erysiphe necator, the causal agents of downy mildew (DM) and powdery mildew (PM), respectively. Current strategies to control DM and PM mainly rely on agrochemical applications that are potentially harmful to humans and the environment. Breeding for resistance to DM and PM in wine grape cultivars by introgressing resistance loci from wild Vitis spp. is a complementary and more sustainable solution to manage these two diseases. During the last two decades, 33 loci of resistance to P. viticola (Rpv) and 15 loci of resistance to E. necator (Ren and Run) have been identified. Phenotyping is salient for QTL characterization and understanding the genetic basis of resistant traits. However, phenotyping remains a major bottleneck for research on Rpv and Ren/Run loci and disease resistance evaluation. A thorough analysis of the literature on phenotyping methods used for DM and PM resistance evaluation highlighted phenotyping performed in the vineyard, greenhouse or laboratory with major sources of variation, such as environmental conditions, plant material (organ physiology and age), pathogen inoculum (genetic and origin), pathogen inoculation (natural or controlled), and disease assessment method (date, frequency, and method of scoring). All these factors affect resistance assessment and the quality of phenotyping data. We argue that the use of new technologies for disease symptom assessment, and the production and adoption of standardized experimental guidelines should enhance the accuracy and reliability of phenotyping data. This should contribute to a better replicability of resistance evaluation outputs, facilitate QTL identification, and contribute to streamline disease resistance breeding programs.

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Breeding for mildew resistance in grapevine to improve environmental and socio-economic sustainability in hotspot areas of Veneto

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Construction of a high-density genetic map and detection of a major QTL of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Sch.) in Caucasian grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

Construction of a high-density genetic map and detection of a major QTL of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Sch.) in Caucasian grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

Rpv Mediated Defense Responses in Grapevine Offspring Resistant to Plasmopara viticola

Phenotyping for QTL identification: A case study of resistance to Plasmopara viticola and Erysiphe necator in grapevine

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