Breeding for disease resistance in Merino sheep in Australia

Hw, Raadsma; Gray, GD; Woolaston, RR

doi:10.20506/rst.17.1.1103

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Based on data registered in the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System (DAD-IS) 2015 report [42], 483 mammalian breed populations are recorded as having resistance or tolerance to Not unexpectedly, the high degree of genetic polymorphism in the MHC has been associated with health status, vaccine responsiveness, and production traits in cattle [43][44][45][46][47]. Examples of some studies for which there is documented evidence of MHC association with resistance or susceptibility to disease include mastitis in cattle and sheep [44,48], tick-borne disease [49][50][51], dermatophilosis in cattle [52], enzootic bovine leucosis in cattle and sheep [53][54][55][56], neosporosis in cattle [57], theileriosis in cattle [58], gastrointestinal parasites in sheep [59,60], diarrhea in pigs [61,62], Marek's disease in chicken [63,64], coccidiosis in chicken [65], and coronavirus resistance in chickens [66], among others.…”

Section: Association Of the Major Histocompatibility Complex To Diseamentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Histocompatibility Complex-Associated Resistance to Infectious Diseases: The Case of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection

Gutiérrez¹,

Esteban²,

Lützelschwab³

et al. 2017

Trends and Advances in Veterinary Genetics

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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a polymorphic gene cluster of about 150 genes, present in all vertebrates. Many of these genes contribute to immunity. Particularly, MHC-encoded class I and class II molecules, which are typically highly polymorphic and polygenic, are central in defining the specificity of the adaptive immune response. Among the diversity of genes associated with disease resistance, MHC genes are particularly interesting as they are associated with resistance and susceptibility to a wide range of diseases, some of which produce important economic losses in livestock. Enzootic bovine leukosis is an infectious disease caused by the retrovirus bovine leukemia virus (BLV), with an important economic impact, mainly in dairy herds. In this chapter, MHC-associated genetic resistance to BLV is revised. Certain alleles of the bovine MHC (BoLA) class II locus have been found strongly associated with resistance to viral dissemination. Genetic selection of resistant animals emerges as a natural strategy for the control of infectious diseases, especially when there is no other alternative of control or prevention, as vaccines. Founded on this knowledge, a BLV control program based on selection of genetically resistant cattle was designed. The proof of concept indicates that this strategy is feasible to implement in dairy herds.

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Section: Association Of the Major Histocompatibility Complex To Diseamentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Histocompatibility Complex-Associated Resistance to Infectious Diseases: The Case of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection

Gutiérrez¹,

Esteban²,

Lützelschwab³

et al. 2017

Trends and Advances in Veterinary Genetics

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“…The fundamental definition of disease resistance includes freedom from clinical signs of disease after challenge [32]. Animals resist infection by way of innate and adaptive immunity strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most work on sheep has shown that variation in resistance to internal parasites, fleece rot, fly strike, and dermatophilosis is genetically determined [32]. In animal production, the relative importance of infectious diseases depends on their impact on welfare and production; genetic approaches to disease control have only been considered where conventional control measures have been ineffective [32], which leaves considerable knowledge gaps in this field. Along this line, Albers et al [34], have been able to recognise and estimate genetic relationships among resistance and resilience to internal parasite burdens as being important production characters in sheep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their study deduced that realistic additions to existing selection criteria for Merino sheep should include productivity when infected, and resistance to infestation [34]. Furthermore, the potentially negative impact of reduced selection efficiency on production traits has also been observed in sheep in some reports [32]. This could be elucidated by understanding the mechanisms underpinning the resistance, the intricate genes and the use of biomarker-assisted selection [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the potentially negative impact of reduced selection efficiency on production traits has also been observed in sheep in some reports [32]. This could be elucidated by understanding the mechanisms underpinning the resistance, the intricate genes and the use of biomarker-assisted selection [32]. In other species like wild rodents, for example, phenotypic variation in immune function and pathogen resistance has been shown to occur in natural populations [35,36], which strengthens the notion that there is a genetic basis to this variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteogenomics of selective susceptibility to endotoxin using circulating acute phase biomarkers and bioassay development in sheep: a review

Chemonges

Tung

2014

Proteome Sci

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Scientists have injected endotoxin into animals to investigate and understand various pathologies and novel therapies for several decades. Recent observations have shown that there is selective susceptibility to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin in sheep, despite having similar breed characteristics. The reason behind this difference is unknown, and has prompted studies aiming to explain the variation by proteogenomic characterisation of circulating acute phase biomarkers. It is hypothesised that genetic trait, biochemical, immunological and inflammation marker patterns contribute in defining and predicting mammalian response to LPS. This review discusses the effects of endotoxin and host responses, genetic basis of innate defences, activation of the acute phase response (APR) following experimental LPS challenge, and the current approaches employed in detecting novel biomarkers including acute phase proteins (APP) and micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) in serum or plasma. miRNAs are novel targets for elucidating molecular mechanisms of disease because of their differential expression during pathological, and in healthy states. Changes in miRNA profiles during a disease challenge may be reflected in plasma. Studies show that gel-based two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with either matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) or liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are currently the most used methods for proteome characterisation. Further evidence suggests that proteomic investigations are preferentially shifting from 2-DE to non-gel based LC-MS/MS coupled with data extraction by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH) approaches that are able to identify a wider range of proteins. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and most recently proteomic methods have been used to quantify low abundance proteins such as cytokines. qRT-PCR and next generation sequencing (NGS) are used for the characterisation of miRNA. Proteogenomic approaches for detecting APP and novel miRNA profiling are essential in understanding the selective resistance to endotoxin in sheep. The results of these methods could help in understanding similar pathology in humans. It might also be helpful in the development of physiological and diagnostic screening assays for determining experimental inclusion and endpoints, and in clinical trials in future.

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Genetic resistance to infections in sheep

Bishop

2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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Breeding for disease resistance in Merino sheep in Australia

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Major Histocompatibility Complex-Associated Resistance to Infectious Diseases: The Case of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection

Major Histocompatibility Complex-Associated Resistance to Infectious Diseases: The Case of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection

Proteogenomics of selective susceptibility to endotoxin using circulating acute phase biomarkers and bioassay development in sheep: a review

Genetic resistance to infections in sheep

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