Breeding evaluation of black currant on the basis of shrub habitus

Abstract

Results of phenotypic evaluation of black currant genetic collection, selected forms, inbred and hybrid progeny by shrub habitus are presented. The possibility of using promising genotypes to produce the progeny with an optimal type of crowns was studied. Studies were conducted in 2017- 2021 in the conditions of the Bryansk region in the plots of the genetic collection, competitive study of selected forms, and hybrid black currant stock. The cultivation of black currants in the collection plantations and on the hybrid plot was carried out in accordance with the common in the Non-Black Earth Zone of Russia agro-technique. The weather conditions of the Bryansk region are typical for the Central region of Russia, the climate is moderately continental. Differentiation of varieties and selected forms by crown shape of plants was carried out. Hybridological analysis of inheritance of shrub habitus trait on the example of nine families from controlled crosses, three populations from self-pollination of genotypes different in shrub shape and three - from free pollination of promising black currant genotypes was performed. Varieties corresponding to the individual parameters of combine berry harvesting technology in terms of shrub habitus, base width, plant height were identified. These include the varieties Litvinovskaya, Myth, Rita, Kudesnik, Kudmig, Ben Hope, Nezhdanchik, Podarok Astakhova, Tamerlan, Tiben, Etyud, Chernavka and others, as well as a number of promising hybrids - 4-94-1, 3-80-01, 4-5-2, 4-19-04, 62-03-7, etc. The phenotypic evaluation of black currant progeny showed that the manifestation of the shrub habitus trait has a significant dependence on the crown type of the genotypes involved in the breeding work.