Breeding Biology of the Long-Billed Marsh Wren

The Determination of Clutch-Size in Birds a Review

“…The number of eggs laid cannot be affected by the removal of eggs during the laying period, nor by the addition of eggs ? 4-7 3-5 (3) 4-5 (6, 7) (4) 5-7 (8, 9) (3, 4) 5-7 (8, 9) (3) 4-6 (7) (2) 3-4 (5) (3) 4-5 (6) (3) 4-5 (6) (4) 5-8 (9) (2) 3-4 (5) (3) 4-5 (6) (2) 3-4 (5) 3-5 (6, 7) 4-6 (7) (3) 5-6 (7) [3][4][5] References VAN TIENHOVEN 1961 VAN TIENHOVEN 1961POULSEN 1953TIENHOVEN 1961TIENHOVEN 1961DELIUS 1965DAVIS 1955aDAVIS 1955aARMSTRONG 1955VERNER 1965HOWELL 1942CHAPPELL 1948HILPRECHT 1954BERNDT 1943VON HAARTMAN 1967aEMLEN 1941DAVIS 1958CHAPPELL 1948COLE 1917BRACKBILL 1960EISENHUT & LUTZ 1936CHAPPELL 1948DUNHAM & CLAPP 1962 NOTE: Clutch-sizes in brackets are rare. during or shortly before this period.…”

“…The range of variation is presented in Table 7 for populations the clutch-size of which has been determined for at least four successive years. In addition, annual differences have been found in the Canada Goose and the Pintail (quoted by HILDEN 1964), the Kestrel (CAVE 1968), the Caspian Tern (BERGMAN 1953), the Alpine Swift (LACK & ARN 1947), the Tree Swallow (PAYNTER 1954), the Rook (OWEN 1959), the Crested Tit , the Coal Tit (LACK 1955), the Long-billed Marsh Wren (VERNER 1965), the Blackbird and Song Thrush (LACK 1949a;SNOW 1955), the Robin (LACK 1948a(LACK , 1949a, and the American Goldfinch (HOLCOMB 1969 HAVLIN 1966, (5) MENDALL 1958 BERGMAN 1939, (7) MEBS 1964, (8) JENKINS et al 1963, (9) SnvoNEN 1952, (10) BLANK & ASH 1960, (11) LACK & LACK 1951, (12) OWEN 1959, (13) LACK 1950, (14) KLUYVER 1951, (15) LACK 1955, (16) LACK, GIBB & OWEN 1957, (17) RUITER 1941, LACK 1949a, (18) CAMPBELL 1955, LACK 1966 VON HAARTMAN 1967a, (20) CURIO 1959-60, (21) CREUTZ 1955, (22) LOHRL 1957, (23) LACK 1948b, (24) SEEL 1968 The differences between the maximum and minimum average clutches may vary considerably. In ducks, for instance, the maximum is 3-20 per cent higher than the minimum.…”

Migrating and breeding bird use of restored shallow lakes in Iowa

“…Both Marsh Wrens and Yellowheaded Blackbirds use emergent vegetation as a surface on which to build their nests (Verner 1965, Willson 1966 (Willson 1966, Minock and Watson 1983, Twedt and Crawford 1995, and this characteristic is likely more important than the species of the plant itself. Schoenoplectus sp.…”

“…Vegetation that is at least 0.5 m may provide appropriate nesting heights for Marsh Wrens and Yellow-headed Blackbirds (Verner 1965, Twedt andCrawford 1995). For example, Verner (1965) found that Younger restorations had more emergent species than older restorations and non-restored sites in 2017, but younger restorations had more emergent species than only non-restored sites in 2016 (Table 4.1). Both younger and older restorations had more species of floating-leaved and submersed aquatic vegetation than non-restored sites in 2016 and 2017, but they did not differ greatly from one another in both years.…”

“…Additionally, Scheonoplectus sp. can also be used as a nesting substrate and may even be preferred in some cases (Verner 1965, Verner and Engelsen 1970), so we expected this variable to also influence Yellow-headed Blackbirds and Marsh Wrens. Similarly, secretive marsh birds will use Typha sp.…”