Breeding assessment of heteroploid crosses in the development of triploid apple varieties

Седов, Е. Н.; Sedysheva, G. A.; Serova, Z. M.; Горбачева, Н. Г.; Мельник, С А

doi:10.1134/s2079059714010109

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Coupled with the results from pedigree reconstruction, our study suggests that triploidy is likely a dead end in pedigrees, at least concerning historical germplasm, which composed most of the triploids in this study. We speculate that gametes from triploid apple cultivars that undergo meiotic division only or mostly lead to aneuploidy, as has been previously noted in multiple studies (Crane & Lawrence, 1930;Dermen, 1936;Einset, 1945;He et al, 2018;Magness, 1937;Sedov et al, 2014), and that triploid apple cultivars do not produce diploid offspring. However, two previous studies have reported the possibility of diploid offspring of triploids (He et al, 2018;Sedov et al, 2014).…”

Section: Comparison Of Historical Pedigree Records To Snp Datasupporting

confidence: 61%

“…These studies observed diploid offspring resulting from the use of triploid parents, despite an element of the reduced fertility and increased frequency of aneuploidy that was reported in earlier studies. In a 40 year-long study investigating heteroploid crosses, those between triploid mothers and diploid fathers resulted in 32.9% diploid offspring, whilst an equivalent number of seeds generated from crosses between diploid mothers and triploid fathers resulted in 96% diploid offspring (Sedov et al, 2014). Another study noted that 32.6% of seedlings grown from open-pollinated seeds of the triploid cultivar Jonagold were diploid (He et al, 2018), with the rest being either triploid, tetraploid, or aneuploid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pedigree reconstruction for triploid apple cultivars using single nucleotide polymorphism array data

Howard

Micheletti

Luby

et al. 2022

Plants People Planet

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Many economically, culturally, and historically important apple cultivars are triploids, which have three copies of each chromosome instead of the more typical two copies in diploids. Despite their prevalence and importance, there have been conflicting reports regarding their origin and their ability to beget diploids. New genetic analysis methodologies outlined in this study have clarified the genetic origin of triploid apple cultivars and suggest that triploidy has been a dead end in historic apple pedigrees.The specific results of this study have resolved the pedigrees of many cultivars, including the famous English cultivar Cox's Orange Pippin and the oldest known US cultivar Roxbury Russet. Summary• In apple (Malus Â domestica), most cultivars are diploid, though a sizeable number are triploids, which tend to be stronger growing, more robust, and bear larger fruit.However, triploidy is also associated with strongly reduced fertility. Some recorded pedigrees for historical apple cultivars include triploids as parents of diploids, despite this reputation of poor fertility. This information, coupled with some initiatives using triploids in breeding efforts, result in confusion about how possible or common it is for triploids to be parents of diploid offspring. To date, no studies have systematically evaluated and identified pedigrees of triploid apple cultivars to resolve these contradictions.• Here, we describe a method to make triploid genotype calls using Illumina Infinium single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array data through a novel Python script: ploidyClassifier. SNP data for 219 unique triploids was compared alongside 2498 unique diploid apple accessions to conduct pedigree reconstruction.• Unreduced gamete-donating parents were identified for over half of the triploid accessions. From those, reduced gamete-donating parents were identified for nearly half. Full or partial pedigrees for many classic triploids were uncovered, including that of the oldest known American cultivar, 'Roxbury Russet'. All tested pedigrees from literature that listed triploids as parents of diploids were deemed

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Section: Comparison Of Historical Pedigree Records To Snp Datasupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedigree reconstruction for triploid apple cultivars using single nucleotide polymorphism array data

Howard

Micheletti

Luby

et al. 2022

Plants People Planet

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“…Despite the fact that in recent years there has been a tendency for its reduction [1,2], various methods and ways of improving its efficiency and significant acceleration are still relevant [2][3][4][5]. One of the ways to achieve high breeding results in the world in the shortest possible time for the most valuable fruit plants, including the apple tree, is an in-depth study of the entire genetic potential of biological resources of crops, especially with the use of modern methods of molecular genetics, cytology, biochemistry, information technology, etc., for active targeted use in the breeding process [3,[7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often, the increased use in modern breeding technologies and programs of only a limited number of original forms, even very high quality ones, can cause a significant reduction in the biodiversity of hybrid offspring, which reduces the likelihood of a quick and accurate solution of the set breeding problems [7]. Biodiversity is also of great importance for promising, preventive, as well as the so-called "breakthrough" breeding areas, for example, the creation of grades and hybrids with a complex high resistance to abioand biostressors of the cultivation region, as well as with an improved taste, aroma, color, shape, size, biochemical composition, ripening period and shelf life of fruits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive study of Malus genus resources for the creation of adaptive grades

Ulyanovskaya

Belenko

2022

BIO Web Conf.

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The breeding renewal of the apple assortment in the conditions of southern fruit growing in Russia on the basis of domestic achievements is due to the acceleration of the breeding process associated with an in-depth study of the existing gene pool of culture, the widespread use of the samples most valuable in terms of the quality of the products obtained to create commercially demanded grades of regional breeding. The aim of the study is to isolate, on the basis of a long-term comprehensive study in the conditions of the Western Ciscaucasia, valuable specimens of the genus Malus to enhance the efficiency and accelerate the process of creating adaptive and high-quality grades of regional breeding. The work was carried out using generally accepted and modern programs and methods of variety study and selection of perennial fruit crops (apple trees). The long-term results of the study for 2010-2020 are summarized. in the conditions of the Kuban zone of the North Caucasian region of gardening of collection specimens of apple trees. Established that the increase in high-temperature stressors, the deficit in August of precipitation (28.2 mm) in recent years (2010-2020) has a negative impact on the growth, development and ripening of fruits, the laying of generative buds of the next year’s harvest. The weather conditions that have developed in the region, which are not sufficiently favorable for apple plants, make it possible to select drought-resistant, high-yielding, stably fruiting grades with commercially valuable fruits. Highlighted with high productivity potential diploids: 12/1-21-60, 12/2-20-22, 12/2-20-75 and triploids: 12/2-21-35, 12/2-20-56 (average yield 28.06-34.08 t/ha; total – up to 374.88 t/ha). Diploids were distinguished by large-fruited: Orpheus and 12/1-21-60 (average fruit weight 202.3-204.5 g, maximum – 224.8-278.8 g) and triploid varieties and elite forms (from the family of Idared × Balcgard 0247E): 12/2-21-35, 12/2-20-56, 12/1-21-27 (average fruit weight 201.4-317.9 g, maximum – 286.5-387.2 g).

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“…The method of remote hybridization, especially interspecific hybridization, which is currently most frequently used in the breeding of the most important agricultural perennial plants, including apple trees, is aimed at improving the created sample according to the characteristics of stability and adaptability to abio-and biotic stressors of the environment, which are closely related to the manifestation of increased and stable productivity of the genotype under stressful conditions, as well as at strengthening the qualitative and biochemical composition of fruits [1][2][3][4]. Active use of the induced polyploidy and remote hybridization methods in fruit plant breeding, including their combination or sequential application, helps to enhance the diversity of qualitative and quantitative significant traits of hybrid progeny, increase the number of combinations and variations of the most important economic traits in new genotypes, increasing the probability of creating the most valuable ones for breeding and production use [2,[5][6][7]. In order to speed up obtaining the most important results for the priority goals of a long and time-consuming breeding process, most of the world's scientists successfully use the entire genetic potential of cultural biodiversity to create the latest improved genotypes of leading fruit plants, including apple trees [1,3,[8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic resources of the genus Malus as the basis for the accelerated creation of domestic adaptive apple tree varieties

Ulianovskaya

Belenko

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Innovations in the apple tree breeding process are associated with the study of the gene pool, the use of valuable samples for accelerated production of commercially popular domestic varieties. The purpose of the study is to identify the most valuable genotypes of the genus Malus of various origins and ploidy for the accelerated creation of domestic adaptive varieties. Modern programs and methods of breeding and variety study were used. The results of the study (2010–2020) of collection of apple trees samples growing in the conditions of the Prikuban zone of the North Caucasus region are presented. It was found that a significant decrease in yield in 2017 and 2020 in the apple tree crop as a whole (11.69–12.48 t/ha) is due to an increase in the negative complex impact of spring-summer and winter stressors on the plant. Promising samples for industrial research and breeding are identified: Gin, 12/1–21–46, 12/2–20–53, immune to scab (Venturia inaequalis (Cook) G. Winter), with increased adaptability to the complex effects of abiostressors in the region, high productivity potential (average yield 26.15–30.05 t/ha, total - 287.65–330.55 t/ha). Selected by large-fruit: Orphey, Gin, 12/1–21–6, 12/2–20–53, 12/1–21–24 (average fruit weight is 200.3–225.5 g) for further use in breeding research and creation of high-quality southern varieties.

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Breeding assessment of heteroploid crosses in the development of triploid apple varieties

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Pedigree reconstruction for triploid apple cultivars using single nucleotide polymorphism array data

Pedigree reconstruction for triploid apple cultivars using single nucleotide polymorphism array data

Comprehensive study of Malus genus resources for the creation of adaptive grades

Genetic resources of the genus Malus as the basis for the accelerated creation of domestic adaptive apple tree varieties

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