Breed differences in everyday behaviour of dogs

Eken, Helena; Fikse, W.F.; Nilsson, Katja; Strandberg, E.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2015.04.010

Cited by 59 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Consistent sex differences in fearfulness were observed both in our dataset and in previous studies 22,33,36,37,52,53 . Females tend to be generally more fearful than males, and we observed the same trend in both fear of dogs and fear of strangers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Previous research has identified certain breeds that are more fearful than others [36][37][38] . These more fearful breeds include Chihuahua, Jack Russell Terrier, Lagotto Romagnolo, and Shetland Sheepdog.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we requested a contrast between potentially more fearful (Chihuahua, Jack Russell Terrier, Lagotto Romagnolo, and Shetland Sheepdog) and less fearful (German Shepherd Dog, Golden Retriever, Labrador Retriever, and Staff. Bull Terrier) breeds [36][37][38] . Second, we hypothesised that female dogs would be more fearful than male dogs 33,36,37,52,53 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Inadequate socialisation, inactivity, and urban living environment are associated with social fearfulness in pet dogs

Puurunen

Hakanen

Salonen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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problematic behaviours are severe welfare issues for one of the world's most popular pets, the domestic dog. one of the most prevalent behavioural problem that causes distress to dogs is social fearfulness, meaning fear of conspecifics or unfamiliar people. To identify demographic and environmental factors associated with fear of dogs and strangers, logistic regression was utilised with a large dataset of 6,000 pet dogs collected through an owner-filled behavioural survey. Social fearfulness was associated with several factors, including urban environment, poor socialisation during puppyhood, infrequent participation in training and other activities, small body size, female sex, and neutering. in addition, we identified several breed differences, suggesting a genetic contribution to social fearfulness. These findings highlight the role of inadequate socialisation, inactivity, and urban living environmental in fear-related behavioural problems in dogs. Improvements in the management and breeding practices of dogs could, therefore, enhance the welfare of man's best friend. open Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:3527 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60546-w www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ ResultsStudy cohort and demographics. We studied the demographic and environmental factors associated with fear of dogs and fear of strangers in datasets of 5,973 and 5,932 dogs, respectively. In the 'fear of dogs' data, the numbers of non-fearful and fearful dogs were 4,806 and 1,167, respectively. The age of the dogs in this dataset varied from 2 months to 17 years (mean age 4.6 years). In the 'fear of strangers' data, the numbers of non-fearful and fearful dogs were 5,036 and 896, respectively. The age of the dogs in this dataset varied from 2 months to 17 years (mean age 4.7 years). 51% of the dogs were females in both datasets. More detailed demographics and the lists of included breeds and the number of individuals per breed are presented in the Supplementary Table S1.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Inadequate socialisation, inactivity, and urban living environment are associated with social fearfulness in pet dogs

Puurunen

Hakanen

Salonen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Molossoid dogs were originally selected for guard work and for protecting their owners in novel situations. Both dogs are considered to be close to their owners (Eken Asp, Fikse, Nilsson, & Strandberg, 2015) and were selected to attend to humans' gestures and communicative cues, albeit to different ends (Svartberg, 2006;Svartberg & Forkman, 2002). These breeds should thus behave according to the temperament for which they were selected (Mehrkam & Wynne, 2014), and are thus appropriate to investigate whether genetic selection also affects shepherd and molossoid dogs' behavioral synchronization with humans.…”

Section: Effect Of Genetic Selection On Behavioral Synchronization Skmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral synchronization and affiliation: Dogs exhibit human-like skills

Duranton

Gaunet

2018

Learn Behav

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Behavioral synchronization is evolutionary adaptive, fostering social cohesion. In humans, affiliation between partners is associated with a high level of behavioral synchronization; people show increased affiliation towards people who synchronize with them. Surprisingly, until recently, little was known about these phenomena at an interspecific level, which is, however, essential to better understand the respective roles of evolution and ontogeny. After presenting why dog-human dyads are a relevant biological model to study this field of social cognition, we review the recent findings about dog-human behavioral synchronization. We summarize recently published findings on behavioral synchronization and affiliation between dogs and humans. We also review results showing that genetic selection modulates behavioral synchronization propensity in dogs, emphasizing the role of genetic selection on dog's social behaviors towards humans. Finally, we discuss the possible evolutionary influences and proximate mechanisms of this phenomenon. We conclude that, as in humans, behavioral synchronization acts as a social glue between dogs and humans. After dogs' ability to use human-directional cues or to produce referential cues towards humans, we evidenced a new human-like social process in the dog, at the interspecfic level with humans.

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“…Moreover, 16% and 7% of dogs were missing weight 268 measurement and neuter status data, respectively, which were independent variables 269 statistically controlled for in subsequent analyses. We created 5 multiply imputed data 270 sets (using the Amelia package; [55]), upon which all of the analyses in the sections 271 below were conducted and results pooled. The multiple imputation took into account 272 the hierarchical structure of the data (observations within dogs), all independent 273 variables reported below, and the data types (ordered binary variables for the context 274 data, positive--continuous for weight measurements, nominal for neuter status).…”

Section: Missing Data 263mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggressiveness as a latent personality trait of domestic dogs: testing local independence and measurement invariance

Goold

Newberry

2017

Preprint

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8Studies of animal personality attempt to uncover underlying or 'latent' personality traits 9 that explain broad patterns of behaviour, often by applying latent variable statistical 10 models (e.g. factor analysis) to multivariate data sets. Two integral, but infrequently 11 confirmed, assumptions of latent variable models in animal personality are: i) behavioural 12 variables are independent (i.e. uncorrelated) conditional on the latent personality traits 13 they reflect (local independence), and ii) personality traits are associated with 14 behavioural variables in the same way across individuals or groups of individuals 15 (measurement invariance). We tested these assumptions using observations of aggression 16 in four age classes (4 -10 months, 10 months -3 years, 3 -6 years, over 6 years) of male 17 However, certain contexts related to aggressiveness towards people (but not dogs) shared 24 significant residual relationships unaccounted for by latent levels of aggressiveness. 25Furthermore, aggressiveness towards people and dogs in different contexts interacted 26 with sex and age. Thus, sex and age differences in displays of aggression were not simple 27 functions of underlying aggressiveness. Our results illustrate that the robustness of traits 28 in latent variable models must be critically assessed before making conclusions about the 29 effects of, or factors influencing, animal personality. Our findings are of concern because 30

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Breed differences in everyday behaviour of dogs

Cited by 59 publications

References 21 publications

Inadequate socialisation, inactivity, and urban living environment are associated with social fearfulness in pet dogs

Inadequate socialisation, inactivity, and urban living environment are associated with social fearfulness in pet dogs

Behavioral synchronization and affiliation: Dogs exhibit human-like skills

Aggressiveness as a latent personality trait of domestic dogs: testing local independence and measurement invariance

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