Breed differences in canine aggression

Duffy, Deborah L.; Hsu, Yu-Wei; Serpell, James A.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2008.04.006

Cited by 263 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…There is a large interest in dog behavioral genetics, which would reveal the human psychological trait mechanisms [4]. In addition, analyzing the data obtained from C-BARQ revealed clear breed differences regarding behavior [6,10,27,32]. Therefore, although a sufficient sample size and further research in Japan are necessary to clarify whether the results of the C-BARQ can show the biologically based behavioral traits in dogs, use of the C-BARQ is advantageous to understand the genetic influences on behavioral traits and to possibly assist in identifying the genes responsible for behavioral disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Factorial Structures of the C-BARQ in Japan

Nagasawa

Tsujimura

Tateishi

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. In order to introduce the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ), which is a standardized system for evaluating the behavioral traits of dogs, to Japan, where the environment with respect to dog ownership is thought to differ from those of the United States and Europe, we compared demographic information on dogs in the United States and Japan and examined whether similar factors could be extracted from both countries using questionnaire items of the C-BARQ. The C-BARQ was completed by 11,410, and 734 dog owners respectively in the United States and Japan, and some demographic differences were found, such as breed and neuter status. Data from completed questionnaires were subjected to factor analysis, and the resulting factors were tested for reliability. In the United States, factor analysis yielded 11 factors from 63 items that accounted for 52.9% of the common variance. In Japan, 15 factors were extracted, and these accounted for 57.0% of the common variance. The present factors for the United States were almost identical to the factors identified in a previous study, and similar factors were extracted in both countries. Therefore, the C-BARQ can function effectively as a fundamental behavioral evaluation system for dogs in Japan.KEY WORDS: behavior, canine, C-BARQ, factor analysis, questionnaire.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 73 (7): [869][870][871][872][873][874][875] 2011 In the United States and Europe, behavior problems of dogs account for 17-20% of reasons that owners relinquish their pet dogs to animal shelters, and substantial numbers of these dogs are eventually euthanized [2,5,19,23,25]. In addition, many dogs suffer unnecessarily from inappropriate punishments and aversive training methods as a consequence of behavior problems [8]. These inappropriate treatments for dogs often worsen the problems and create a vicious cycle. In Japan, there were an estimated 13,101,000 pet dogs in 2008 [13]. Of these, 105,195 adult dogs and 24,742 puppies were relinquished to animal shelters [20]. Additional estimates suggest that 29,942 of these dogs were either returned to their owners or adopted by new owners, while 98,556 dogs were eventually euthanized. Because official research has not been conducted yet, it is not known exactly why these dogs were relinquished [20]. In order to resolve these issues, it is important to establish a system for classifying and naming behavioral traits in dogs. Researchers in the United States and Europe have developed some behavioral tests to evaluate the behavioral traits of dogs [14,21,28,30]; however, it is not easy to conduct these behavioral tests, and the possibility exits that the emergence of particular behaviors may be dependent on experimental circumstances during the test. On the other hand, observer ratings can be convenient and useful tools through careful experimental designs [18]. However, observation by third parties has the practical difficulty of observing pet dogs in their natural and home environment. Therefore, in order to understand ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Factorial Structures of the C-BARQ in Japan

Nagasawa

Tsujimura

Tateishi

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Such dogs may be predisposed to biting; in small dogs fear aggression may lead to biting. Several small breeds were found well above average for aggression and fear (Duffy et al 2008). In this context the legal ban on selected dog breeds (Wapner and Wilson 2000;Mills and Levine 2006) seems to be questionable since dogs of any size and breed may bite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Toy and small breed dogs such as Chihuahua, Yorkshire Terrier, Fox Terrier, but also English Cocker Spaniel and Chow Chow are more reactive, aggressive and prone to snapping at children (Hart and Miller 1985;. Some breeds (Dachshunds, Chihuahuas, Jack Russel Terriers) appear to be aggressive in most contexts (Duffy et al 2008). Dousek et al (2001) have shown that the majority of biting dogs in the Czech Republic as reported to the State Veterinary Administration were mixed breed animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dog Bites to Children in the Czech Republic: the Risk Situations

2010

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The aim of this study was to analyse dog bites to children in the Czech Republic. Data were obtained from a questionnaire completed with children aged 4 to 13 years in 11 urban and rural primary schools. A total of 103 dog bites sustained by 92 children were analysed using chi square test and F test. There were 58 boys (56.3%) and 45 girls (43.7%) bitten, 57.3% of them once, 42.7% repeatedly. The evaluated answers showed that children were bitten when playing with own dogs (69.2%) or dogs known to them (30.8%) but not by unknown dogs (χ 2 = 25.397, df = 1, p < 0.001). Children were bitten outdoors by loose running unknown dogs (88.5%), known dogs (11.5%) but not by own dogs (χ 2 = 55.528, df = 2, p < 0.001). Thirty-two children were bitten indoors by small (53.1%), medium size (21.9) or large (25.0%) dogs. Small dogs were biting mostly indoors (51.5%), medium size (73.1%) and large (80.5%) dogs bit mostly outdoors (χ 2 = 9.0022, df = 2, p = 0.011). Most of the children that disturbed a resting or sleeping dog were bitten indoors (83.3%; χ 2 = 7.862, df = 1, p < 0.01), predominantly by small dogs (83.3%, χ 2 = 7.482, df = 2, p = 0.022). When stroking a dog, children were bitten by a medium size (45.5%), large (31.8%) or small dog (22.7%; χ 2 = 5.588, df = 2, p < 0.068). Children injured by their family-owned dog had accidentally caused pain to it before being bitten (83.3%; χ 2 = 7.862, df = 1, p < 0.012). These children were always bitten by a small dog (χ 2 = 7.482, df = 2, p = 0.022). Three children reported deliberately causing pain to a dog -these were all small dogs (100.0%; χ 2 = 6.279, df = 2, p < 0.05). Children teasing dogs were bitten most frequently by a small dog (75.0%; χ 2 = 6.98, df = 2, p < 0.032). Male dogs bit more frequently (66.7%) than females (33.3%; χ 2 = 6.338, d.f. =1, p = 0.014). These data were the first ones obtained from the bitten children. They suggest that in interactions with own, known and small dogs, children were more daring. The personal space of dogs, their warning signals, and defence were underestimated, the resulting aggression was mostly of possessive, territorial and fear type. Additional suggestions are made to complete the information on preventive measures for parents, children and the public. Importantly, all information types should point out that the dog remains a predator despite its long domestication history and close co-existence with humans.

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“…Existem diferentes classificações, caracterizando a vítima ou a motivação do animal, como por dominância, medo, dor, brincadeiras; idiopática, intrassexual, aprendida, maternal, médica, protetora, predatória, redirigida (Houpt, 2006;Duffy et al, 2008).…”

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Estudo das agressões por cães, segundo tipo de interação entre cão e vítima, e das circunstâncias motivadoras dos acidentes, município de São Paulo, 2008 a 2009

Paranhos

Silva

Bernardi

et al. 2013

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Caracterizaram-se as agressões por cães, o perfil das vítimas e dos agressores e as circunstâncias desses acidentes. Calculou-se a amostra aleatória a partir de 20 mil notificações/ano de agressões por cães e realizaram-se 594 entrevistas telefônicas. A maior frequência de agressões ocorreu no sexo masculino, faixa etária de cinco a 14 anos. Lesões leves representaram 80,4%. As profundas (19,1%) ocorreram por cães de porte médio seguidas pelos de grande porte. A maioria dos cães era macho adulto, porte médio. Dos entrevistados, 52,5% desconheciam a condição reprodutiva; 41,0% dos cães não eram esterilizados e 6,4% eram esterilizados. Cães sem raça definida (SRD) provocaram 48,4% dos acidentes, e 57,6% das agressões ocorreram em locais privados. Em 56,2% das agressões, as vítimas eram moradoras do imóvel ou pessoas conhecidas. Com animais não conhecidos a agressão mais frequente ocorreu na rua, 30,8%, e 67,5% dos donos permaneceram com os animais. As agressões foram resultantes da interação homem-cão e devem ser estudadas para se identificarem os possíveis comportamentos que desencadeiam a agressão pelo animal.

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Breed differences in canine aggression

Cited by 263 publications

References 35 publications

Assessment of the Factorial Structures of the C-BARQ in Japan

Assessment of the Factorial Structures of the C-BARQ in Japan

Dog Bites to Children in the Czech Republic: the Risk Situations

Estudo das agressões por cães, segundo tipo de interação entre cão e vítima, e das circunstâncias motivadoras dos acidentes, município de São Paulo, 2008 a 2009

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