Breathing Pattern during and after Maximal Exercise Testing in Young Untrained Subjects and in Obese Patients

Salvadori, Alberto; Fanari, Paolo; Mazza, P.; Fontana, Mary F.; Clivati, A.; Longhini, E

doi:10.1159/000196193

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The higher cost of physical work in obese children in comparison to normal weight children may be a result of the high cost of breathing. The unfavorable pattern of breathing observed in obese children -higher breathing frequency and lowered tidal volumestimulates breathing muscles to work more intensely, and this also increases oxygen uptake [25,26]. Our results did not support these findings.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

The changes in running economy during puberty in overweight and normal weight boys

Maciejczyk

Gradek

Szymura

et al. 2015

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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SummaryStudy aim: running economy (RE) is important indicator of endurance performance. During puberty dynamic changes in body composition and function are observed, as such RE is also expected to change. The aim of the study was to compare the running economy (RE) in overweight and normoweight boys during a running exercise performed with constant velocity, and the assessment of changes in RE during puberty. Material and methods: the RE of the subjects was evaluated twice: at the age of 11-12 and two years later. 18 overweight and 17 normal weight boys performed a graded test and a week later a submaximal run on a mechanical treadmill. During the exercise, physiological variables (oxygen uptake, heart rate, pulmonary ventilation, tidal volume and breathing frequency) were measured. Results: the intensity of work in both tests (%VO 2 max, %HRmax) was significantly higher in the overweight boys and decreased with age (non significantly) in both groups. The physiological response during the run in the overweight boys was significantly higher compared to normal weight. When the oxygen uptake was expressed as VO 2 . BM -0.75 , the RE was similar in normal weight and overweight boys. During puberty, the inter-group differences in the metabolic cost of work stay at a relatively stable level. Conclusions: the lowered endurance performance in the overweight boys during puberty remains unchanged. The changes in physiological variables during puberty in both groups occurred in a similar way -the body composition did not influence the course of these changes in puberty.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

The changes in running economy during puberty in overweight and normal weight boys

Maciejczyk

Gradek

Szymura

et al. 2015

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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“…Also low physical activity with decreased ability to breathe deeply that can be associated with higher BMI (91) may also lead to airway narrowing by reducing the extent to which bronchial muscle is stretched. Because there is a tendency to rapid shallow breathing in morbid obesity (92,93) and given the already mentioned impact of the pattern of breathing on airway responsiveness, the possibility therefore exists that this might enhance airway responsiveness in obese individuals with consequent pre‐disposition to bronchospasm.…”

Section: Obesity and Airway Responsiveness/asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory complications of obesity

Jubber¹

2004

International Journal of Clinical Practice

103

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Obesity is known to be a major risk factor of a whole range of cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory disorders. It has been recognised that the pattern of regional fat distribution plays an important role in the pre-disposition of obese subjects to certain obesity-related complications. Derangement of parameters of lung function is determined to a large extent by the quantity and distribution of excess body fat with its potential to interfere with the mechanics of pulmonary physiology. Clinical, laboratory and epidemiological observations have established links between obesity and several breathing problems including obstructive sleep apnoea, obesity hypoventilation syndrome and asthma. However, in many respects, the pathophysiology of these links is not fully explored. In this article, the impact of obesity on pulmonary physiology and its association with the above-mentioned clinical conditions is discussed.

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“…This explains the finding that ventilatory threshold expressed as %VO 2 max decreases with advancing age (Weymans & Reybrouck, 1989). Salvadori et al (1993) also reported that it is the way of breathing (the decreased tidal volume and the increased breathing frequency) that causes fatigue in inhalation muscles. It is worth noting that between the second and the third test (which took place in period of puberty) in boys from both groups, no changes were observed in the level of relative values of power, time of achieving RCP or pulmonary ventilation at RCP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Respiratory compensation point during incremental test in overweight and normoweight boys: is it useful in assessing aerobic performance? A longitudinal study

Maciejczyk

Szymura

Cempla

et al. 2013

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the respiratory compensation point (RCP) in overweight and normoweight boys and to clarify changes in the RCP over 4 years. This study was conducted with 11 overweight boys and 14 boys with normal weight. The boys performed the graded test every 2 years (three series) beginning at the age of 9-10 years and finishing at the age of 13-14 years. During the test, the RCP was detected. In every series, the RCP occurred earlier in the overweight boys than in the normoweight boys and at a significantly (P<0·05) lower rate relative to body mass power output (P kg(-1) ). Relative oxygen uptake (VO2 kg(-1) ) at the RCP in all studies was also significantly (P<0·05) lower in the group of overweight boys. The maximum level of analysed indicators (VO2 max; Pmax) differentiated both groups in similar ways as their level noted at RCP. This study showed significant (P<0·05) correlation between the values VO2 max kg(-1) and VO2 kg(-1) at RCP in each series of the test and between Pmax kg(-1) and P kg(-1) at RCP. The respiratory compensation point seems to be a good method for evaluating aerobic performance in children (also overweight). During puberty, a decreasing tendency in aerobic performance was observed in both groups.

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Breathing Pattern during and after Maximal Exercise Testing in Young Untrained Subjects and in Obese Patients

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

The changes in running economy during puberty in overweight and normal weight boys

The changes in running economy during puberty in overweight and normal weight boys

Respiratory complications of obesity

Respiratory compensation point during incremental test in overweight and normoweight boys: is it useful in assessing aerobic performance? A longitudinal study

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