Breastmilk ghrelin, leptin, and fat levels changing foremilk to hindmilk: is that important for self-control of feeding?

Karataş, Zehra; Aydoğdu, Sultan Durmuş; Dinleyici, Ener Çağrı; Çolak, Ömer; Doğruel, Nesrin

doi:10.1007/s00431-011-1438-1

Cited by 48 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The temporary drop in protein concentration was consistent with differences described by Nommsen et al [42]. Whereas some studies have reported a decrease in concentrations of leptin [75] and adiponectin [30,33,36,66] (measured predominantly in skim HM), others found the opposite trend for adiponectin [11,35], no change [76] or significant fluctuations [11,21] for leptin. More research is required to clarify these relationships.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In this study we confirmed no systematic change between pre- and post-feed samples for concentrations of protein, lactose and whole and skim HM leptin throughout the first 12 months of lactation (Table 3), and report for the first time that whole milk adiponectin concentrations also do not differ significantly pre- to post-feed. Care however should still be taken as fat content [77], ghrelin [75] and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) [24] change between pre- and post-feed, further highlighting the importance of prudent sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

et al. 2017

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Human milk (HM) appetite hormones and macronutrients may mediate satiety in breastfed infants. This study investigated associations between maternal adiposity and concentrations of HM leptin, adiponectin, protein and lactose, and whether these concentrations and the relationship between body mass index and percentage fat mass (%FM) in a breastfeeding population change over the first year of lactation. Lactating women (n = 59) provided milk samples (n = 283) at the 2nd, 5th, 9th and/or 12th month of lactation. Concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, total protein and lactose were measured. Maternal %FM was measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Higher maternal %FM was associated with higher leptin concentrations in both whole (0.006 ± 0.002 ng/mL, p = 0.008) and skim HM (0.005 ± 0.002 ng/mL, p = 0.007), and protein (0.16 ± 0.07 g/L, p = 0.028) concentrations. Adiponectin and lactose concentrations were not associated with %FM (0.01 ± 0.06 ng/mL, p = 0.81; 0.08 ± 0.11 g/L, p = 0.48, respectively). Whole milk concentrations of adiponectin and leptin did not differ significantly over the first year of lactation. These findings suggest that the level of maternal adiposity during lactation may influence the early appetite programming of breastfed infants by modulating concentrations of HM components.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

et al. 2017

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“…This approach may be useful for constituents where prior work has demonstrated that fore or hind milk is an adequate representation of interest: for example, vitamin A concentrations per gram of milk fat at the population level (Stoltzfus and Underwood, 1995) and calcium (Prentice, 2000) or if the constituent of interest demonstrates minimal variation across a breastfeeding bout (such as many proteins; Neville et al 1984). However, this approach is problematic for macronutrients and many hormones, such as leptin (Daly et al, 1993b;Karatas et al, 2011).…”

Section: Milk Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field and laboratory methods in human milk research

Miller

Aiello

Fujita

et al. 2012

American J Hum Biol

120

108

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Human milk is a complex and variable fluid of increasing interest to human biologists who study nutrition and health. The collection and analysis of human milk poses many practical and ethical challenges to field workers, who must balance both appropriate methodology with the needs of participating mothers and infants and logistical challenges to collection and analysis. In this review, we address various collection methods, volume measurements, and ethical considerations and make recommendations for field researchers. We also review frequently used methods for the analysis of fat, protein, sugars/lactose, and specific biomarkers in human milk. Finally, we address new technologies in human milk research, the MIRIS Human Milk Analyzer and dried milk spots, which will improve the ability of human biologists and anthropologists to study human milk in field settings. Am.

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“…These bioactive milk peptides also play important roles, such as energy intake and systemic and local imflammatory status. [5, 15, 33]. At this point, another important focus of this study was a positive correlation between CRP and these three adipokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The concentrations of adipokines in goat milk: relation to plasma levels, inflammatory status, milk quality and composition

Guzel

Yibar

Belenli

et al. 2017

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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The main objectives of our study were to measure the major adipokines adiponectin, leptin and resistin in goat milk, to assess their interrelationships and to assess their relationships with the plasma and serum concentrations of total protein, cholesterol, total lipids, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), milk somatic cell count (SCC), milk total aerobic colony and lactobacillus count, and milk components in lactating Saanen goats. The study was performed on eighteen lactating Saanen goats. Milk and blood samples were collected on days 20, 35, 50, 65 and 80 of lactation postpartum. The milk and plasma adiponectin levels on days 50, 65 and 80 postpartum were significantly higher than those on day 20. The milk and plasma leptin levels were lower on day 20 than on days 35, 50, 65 and 80. The milk concentrations of these major adipokines were positively intercorrelated. The milk and plasma concentrations of these three adipokines were also positively correlated. The plasma CRP concentrations correlated positively with milk leptin and resistin concentrations and inversely with milk adiponectin concentration. Milk adiponectin concentration was inversely related with its SCC. These data confirm that adiponectin, leptin and resistin are present in goat milk. The milk concentrations of these three adipokines were interrelated and interacted with the general inflammatory marker, CRP. The inverse relationship between milk adiponectin concentrations and its SCC suggests that variations in milk adiponectin might be involved in the udder health of lactating goats, but clinical trials are needed to support this hypothesis.

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Breastmilk ghrelin, leptin, and fat levels changing foremilk to hindmilk: is that important for self-control of feeding?

Cited by 48 publications

References 43 publications

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

Field and laboratory methods in human milk research

The concentrations of adipokines in goat milk: relation to plasma levels, inflammatory status, milk quality and composition

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