Breast Disease in Children and Adolescents in Eastern Nigeria—a Five-Year Study

Ozumba, Ben C.; Nzegwu, M.A.; Anyikam, Adanna; Okoye, Ifeoma; Okafor, Okechukwu Charles

doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2008.10.007

Cited by 9 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…In the 18 to 39 age group, a notable difference in both sexes, prostate cancer is not seen, breast cancer still dominates, while cervical cancer occupies the 7th position and ovarian cancer is in the first ten. The dominance of breast cancer in this age range is keeping with the widely reported low mean age of occurrence in Nigeria [29,39,40]. In males 18 to 39, soft tissue, head and neck lymphohematopoietic, and colorectal are dominant while breast, skin, cervix and soft tissue are dominant in females.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The Pattern of Cancer Cases in the Rest of Cross River State Not Covered by the Calabar Cancer Registry between 2004 and 2013

Ebughe

Inyama

Ugbem

et al. 2019

IJTDH

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Aims:This study aims to find out the prevalence of cancer in the different age groups in the rest of Cross River state not covered by the Calabar cancer registry. Study Design: Descriptive retrospective study involving a trend analysis of the cancers incident in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, and persons from the rest of Cross River State not covered by the Calabar cancer registry. Such cases as occurred between 1st of January 2004 to December 31st, 2013 were included. Place and Duration of Study: The Department of Pathology, University of Calabar Teaching hospital; between April and May 2019. Methodology: A trend analysis of cancer cases from the rest of Cross River State outside the range of the Calabar cancer registry over the period was studied. Results: Nine hundred and forty-one (941) cases of cancer were seen outside Calabar in Cross River State, within January 2004 and December 2013. Mean age was 49.18 ± 18.9 years, ranging Original Research Article Ebughe et al.; IJTDH, 38(1): 1-12, 2019; Article no.IJTDH.50415 2 from 1 to 100 years, and female: male ratio was 1: 0.97. The commonest age range cancer occurred is 40 to 64 years overall, 40 to 64 years in males and 40 to 64 years in females. The commonest cancers sites were breast cancer (21.9%), prostate (21.3%), lymphohematopoietic (9.2%). The commonest cancers in males were prostate (43.1), lymphohematopoietic (12.9%), soft tissue (11.4%). In females' breast 41.1% and cervix, 15.9% were the dominant sites. Cancer in the 0 to 17 age range was remarkably similar and was dominated by lymphohematopoietic sites, soft tissue, eye and urinary system. Cancer in the older ages 65 years and above is overwhelmingly dominated by prostate 60% followed by breast 18%. Conclusion: Cancer in the rest of Cross River State is dominated by breast, prostate and cervical sites. This is like the GLOBOCAN estimates for Nigeria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The Pattern of Cancer Cases in the Rest of Cross River State Not Covered by the Calabar Cancer Registry between 2004 and 2013

Ebughe

Inyama

Ugbem

et al. 2019

IJTDH

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“…Benign non proliferative lesions of the breast were the commonest lesions 159(74.0%) in females in our study. Of these lesions Fibroadenoma (76%),is the commonest benign non-proliferative lesion, mirrowing other Nigerian studies [14,[32][33][34][35][36]. Other benign lesions in the female breast in our study were Periductal mastitis, lipomas, fat necrosis, tubular adenoma, Juvenile papillomatosis, granulomatous mastitis, granulation tissue, benign phyllodes, acute mastitis, lymphocytic mastitis, granular cell myoblastoma, lactating adenoma and myofibroblastoma all of which account for less than 30 percent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Prevalence of Benign Breast Lesions, Epithelial Proliferations with or without Atypia in Calabar-A Retrospective Review

Ebughe

Ugbem

Ushie

et al. 2019

IJTDH

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Aims: The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of benign breast lesions and proliferative lesions which are associated with increase risk of breast cancer. This is aimed at influencing the hospital policy on mammographic screening. Study Design: Descriptive retrospective study involving a trend analysis of benign breast lesion, proliferative analysed in the surgical pathology unit of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital between 1st of January 2012 to October 31st 2014. Place and Duration of Study: Pathology Department of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. The study was carried out between March and April 2019. Methodology: Descriptive retrospective study of trend analysis of benign and proliferative breast lesions over the period with literature review. Results: Two hundred and seventeen 217 patients consisting of seven males and two hundred and ten females with a female: Male ratio of 1:0.04. Mean age was 26.4 ± 10.0 years, ranging from 10 to 70 years, with 21-30 (94, 43.5%), as the predominant age and less than 21 years (70, 32.4%) as the second common age group. Seventy four percent of (74%) of the breast lesions were benign non proliferative lesions while 26% were proliferative breast lesions. Of the proliferative lesions, five or 8.9% of the proliferative or 2.33% of the lesions were atypical ductal hyperplasia’s which have a high risk of progression to cancer. Conclusion: Proliferative breast lesions and the premalignant lesions of the breast are not commonly reported in Calabar. An upscale of population screening and mammographic services may improve their yield which will help prevent some invasive breast cancers.

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“…Early onset breast cancer has a history of rapid increase in size compared to the above differential diagnosis which has a slower growth 5 6…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast carcinoma in a prepubertal girl

et al. 2014

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Breast carcinoma is a very rare disease in children. We present a rare case of breast cancer in an 11-year-old prepubertal girl. Clinically, it was a case of locally advanced breast cancer (T4bN1M0). The core biopsy report showed adenocarcinoma of the not otherwise specified (NOS) variety (oestrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative). Diagnosis was late in this case due to lack of suspicion. A modified radical mastectomy was considered to be adequate treatment. Histologically, it was adenocarcinoma NOS, which is rare in young girls (the secretory type being more common). Incidence, differential diagnoses, investigation and management of breast carcinoma in young girls are discussed. The purpose of reporting this case is to highlight that prevention and early detection of breast carcinoma in children is very important.

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Breast Disease in Children and Adolescents in Eastern Nigeria—a Five-Year Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

The Pattern of Cancer Cases in the Rest of Cross River State Not Covered by the Calabar Cancer Registry between 2004 and 2013

The Pattern of Cancer Cases in the Rest of Cross River State Not Covered by the Calabar Cancer Registry between 2004 and 2013

Prevalence of Benign Breast Lesions, Epithelial Proliferations with or without Atypia in Calabar-A Retrospective Review

Breast carcinoma in a prepubertal girl

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