Breast cancer chemoprevention: An update on current practice and opportunities for primary care physicians

Ball, Somedeb; Arévalo, Maria T.; Juarez, Edna; Payne, Drew; Jones, Catherine

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105834

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…A number of drugs with off-target effects (namely repurposing drugs) along with phytochemicals have been approached as possible chemopreventive agents, but their efficacy has been found often null or controversial in clinical trials [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. On the other hand, drugs with documented preventive efficacy that have been approved for treating precancerous lesions or reducing cancer risk have been scarcely adopted by both physicians and patients due to several issues, such as the risk of side effects, lacking cancer risk assessment in primary care, limited knowledge about the guidelines for chemoprevention, and medication costs [ 15 , 16 ]. Some examples of drugs and natural substances evaluated for their chemopreventive potential and the major findings achieved in clinical trials are reported in Table 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemopreventive Potential of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes: An Overview of Preliminary Evidence

Sotto

Mancinelli

Gullì

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Chemoprevention is referred to as a strategy to inhibit, suppress, or reverse tumor development and progression in healthy people along with high-risk subjects and oncologic patients through using pharmacological or natural substances. Numerous phytochemicals have been widely described in the literature to possess chemopreventive properties, although their clinical usefulness remains to be defined. Among them, caryophyllane sesquiterpenes are natural compounds widely occurring in nature kingdoms, especially in plants, fungi, and marine environments. Several structures, characterized by a common caryophyllane skeleton with further rearrangements, have been identified, but those isolated from plant essential oils, including β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide, α-humulene, and isocaryophyllene, have attracted the greatest pharmacological attention. Emerging evidence has outlined a complex polypharmacological profile of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes characterized by blocking, suppressing, chemosensitizing, and cytoprotective properties, which suggests a possible usefulness of these natural substances in cancer chemoprevention for both preventive and adjuvant purposes. In the present review, the scientific knowledge about the chemopreventive properties of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes and the mechanisms involved have been collected and discussed; moreover, possible structure–activity relationships have been highlighted. Although further high-quality studies are required, the promising preclinical findings and the safe pharmacological profile encourage further studies to define a clinical usefulness of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes in primary, secondary, or tertiary chemoprevention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemopreventive Potential of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes: An Overview of Preliminary Evidence

Sotto

Mancinelli

Gullì

et al. 2020

Cancers

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“…Felizmente, menos de 10% dos cânceres de mama são resultantes de mutações genéticas herdadas e, desse modo, podem ser evitados (Rojas & Stuckey, 2016). Assim, e com base no gradativo número de evidências científicas, o uso de agentes quimiopreventivos, em pacientes com alto risco para o desenvolvimento de câncer de mama, tem ganhado forte aprovação para seus devidos empregos segundo diretrizes médicas (Ball et al, 2019).…”

Section: Câncer De Mamaunclassified

“…-Inibidores de aromatase (IAs): a inibição dessa enzima tem sido utilizada em várias abordagens clínicas para o câncer de mama visto que em mulheres pós-menopausadas, a principal fonte de produção de estrogênio ocorre mediante o processo de aromatização dos andrógenos. IAs como anastrozol, letrozol e o exemestano encontram-se em testes clínicos (Ball et al, 2019). A eficácia do uso destes inibidores pode ser exemplificada pelos resultados obtidos no Estudo Internacional de Intervenção em Câncer de Mama II (IBIS-II, "International Breast Cancer Intervention Study II").…”

Section: Câncer De Mamaunclassified

Quimioprevenção e câncer no contexto brasileiro: Da higidez ao diagnóstico

Baptistella

Oliveira

Assunção

et al. 2021

RSD

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O câncer representa um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública do mundo. Apesar dos avanços crescentes e de alguns sucessos ocasionais, pacientes e profissionais da saúde permanecem enfrentando diversos contratempos procedentes da terapia oncológica. Nesse sentido, a quimioprevenção é interessante, pois implica evitar o sofrimento causado pelo câncer, tendo potencial efeito antes do diagnóstico, no prognóstico e, também, no tratamento. Nesta revisão, teve-se como objetivo elencar as principais abordagens quimiopreventivas, a nível primário, secundário e terciário, para os tumores mais frequentes no Brasil e que possuem correlação com hábitos cotidianos adotados. Para isso, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico das publicações disponíveis nas bases da National Library of Medicine (NIH – PubMed) e Scholar Google dos últimos 20 anos. Utilizou-se os descritores: “chemoprevention”, “cancer chemoprevention” “non melanoma skin cancer”, “lung cancer”, “breast cancer”, e “colorectal cancer”. São notáveis os resultados obtidos por diversos estudos in vitro e in vivo, tal qual as histórias de sucesso clínico. Não obstante, os desafios ainda são muitos devido, sobretudo, às variáveis encontradas nas respostas individuais dos pacientes, as quais podem ser influenciadas por especificidades do quadro clínico, e entre outros fatores, como também as limitações de investimento e adesão. Futuras pesquisas e investimento em educação e conscientização do público em geral e de profissionais da saúde, a respeito dos benefícios por trás da quimioprevenção do câncer, possibilitariam a ampla aplicação da quimioprevenção e beneficiariam diversos âmbitos da saúde.

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“…On the other hand, tertiary chemoprevention is to prevent the recurrence of cancer [5]. For instance, the administration of tamoxifen is an example of tertiary chemoprevention in breast cancer [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention

Ranjan

Ramachandran

Gupta

et al. 2019

IJMS

256

128

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The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The benefit of this approach has been demonstrated in clinical trials of breast, prostate, and colon cancer. The continuous increase in cancer cases, failure of conventional chemotherapies to control cancer, and excessive toxicity of chemotherapies clearly demand an alternative approach. The first trial to show benefit of chemoprevention was undertaken in breast cancer patients with the use of tamoxifen, which demonstrated a significant decrease in invasive breast cancer. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. Dietary components such as capsaicin, cucurbitacin B, isoflavones, catechins, lycopenes, benzyl isothiocyanate, phenethyl isothiocyanate, and piperlongumine have demonstrated inhibitory effects on cancer cells indicating that they may serve as chemopreventive agents. In this review, we have addressed the mechanism of chemopreventive and anticancer effects of several natural agents.

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Breast cancer chemoprevention: An update on current practice and opportunities for primary care physicians

Cited by 27 publications

References 75 publications

Chemopreventive Potential of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes: An Overview of Preliminary Evidence

Chemopreventive Potential of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes: An Overview of Preliminary Evidence

Quimioprevenção e câncer no contexto brasileiro: Da higidez ao diagnóstico

Role of Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention

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