Breakthrough concepts in immune-oncology: Cancer vaccines at the bedside

Roy, Sohini; Sethi, Tarsheen; Taylor, David W.; Kim, Young Jin; Johnson, Douglas B.

doi:10.1002/jlb.5bt0420-585rr

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 395 publications

(661 reference statements)

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“…Tumor cells vary from foreign germs in that their specific protein immunogenicity is low ( 22 ), the process of tumor immune evasion is complex, and the immune system has a hard time recognizing them ( 23 , 24 ). To accomplish the tumor immune killing effect, a viable technique is to locate suitable tumor-specific peptide epitopes and activate the immune response using adequate immune adjuvants ( 25 , 26 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor effect and mechanism of FZD7 polypeptide vaccine

et al. 2022

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The resistant cells that proliferate after radiotherapy and chemotherapy are primarily tumor stem cells with high stem marker expression, and their presence is the primary cause of tumor dispersion. The Wnt signaling receptor Frizzled family receptor 7 (FZD7) is linked to the maintenance of stem cell features as well as cancer progression. Frizzled-7 (FZD7), a key receptor for Wnt/-catenin signaling, is overexpressed in TNBC, suggesting that it could be a viable target for cancer therapy. We employed bioinformatics to find the best-scoring peptide, chemically synthesized FZD7 epitope antigen, and binding toll-like receptor 7 agonists (T7). Under GMP conditions, peptides for vaccines were produced and purified (>95%). In vivo and vitro tests were used to assess tumor cell inhibition. In vitro, the FZD7-T7 vaccination can boost the maturity of BMDC cells considerably. In mice, the FZD7 - T7 vaccine elicited the greatest immunological response. Significant tumor development inhibition was seen in BALB/c mice treated with FZD7 - T7 in prevention experiments (P < 0.01). Multiple cytokines that promote cellular immune responses, such as interferon (IFN)-γ (P < 0.05), interleukin (IL)-12 (P < 0.05), and IL-2 (P < 0.01), were shown to be considerably elevated in mice inoculated with FZD7- T7. Furthermore, we evaluated safety concerns in terms of vaccine composition to aid in the creation of successful next-generation vaccines. In conclusion, the FZD7-T7 vaccine can activate the immune response in vivo and in vitro, and play a role in tumor suppression. Our findings reveal a unique tumor-suppressive role for the FZD7 peptide in TNBC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor effect and mechanism of FZD7 polypeptide vaccine

et al. 2022

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“…In this delivery system, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses can be enhanced and less DNA is required in different experimental settings [ 65 ]. Numerous convincing evidence have demonstrated that the antitumor effects of cancer vaccines can be enhanced by gene gun delivery against various cancers such as lung cancer [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. In spite of this significance, electroporation or gene-gun-based delivery suffer some drawbacks, such as causing considerable pain on administration and not being suitable for community-wide vaccination [ 63 ].…”

Section: Dna Vaccine Delivery Platformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in DNA Vaccines against Lung Cancer: A Mini Review

Huang

Liu²,

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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Lung cancer is regarded as the major causes of patient death around the world. Although the novel tumor immunotherapy has made great progress in the past decades, such as utilizing immune checkpoint inhibitors or oncolytic viruses, the overall 5-year survival of patients with lung cancers is still low. Thus, development of effective vaccines to treat lung cancer is urgently required. In this regard, DNA vaccines are now considered as a promising immunotherapy strategy to activate the host immune system against lung cancer. DNA vaccines are able to induce both effective humoral and cellular immune responses, and they possess several potential advantages such as greater stability, higher safety, and being easier to manufacture compared to conventional vaccination. In the present review, we provide a global overview of the mechanism of cancer DNA vaccines and summarize the innovative neoantigens, delivery platforms, and adjuvants in lung cancer that have been investigated or approved. Importantly, we highlight the recent advance of clinical studies in the field of lung cancer DNA vaccine, focusing on their safety and efficacy, which might accelerate the personalized design of DNA vaccine against lung cancer.

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“…The nomenclature of antigens presented on tumor cells has a long history. To optimize these antigens generally involves HLA ligands, which might be qualified as tumor-associated to be expressed on general tumor cells or on remaining tumor-specific cells 30 . Because tumor-specific neoantigens are usually rejected by malignant cells, they are specifically designed for cancer vaccines 31 .…”

Section: Tumor Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles for therapeutic cancer vaccine development

Liang

Zhao

2021

Cancer Biol. Med.

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Nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles such as lipid-based, polymer-based, inorganics-based, and bio-inspired vehicles often carry distinct and attractive advantages in the development of therapeutic cancer vaccines. Based on various delivery vehicles, specifically designed nanomaterials-based vaccines are highly advantageous in boosting therapeutic and prophylactic antitumor immunities. Specifically, therapeutic vaccines featuring unique properties have made major contributions to the enhancement of antigen immunogenicity, encapsulation efficiency, biocompatibility, and stability, as well as promoting antigen cross-presentation and specific CD8 + T cell responses. However, for clinical applications, tumor-associated antigen-derived vaccines could be an obstacle, involving immune tolerance and deficiency of tumor specificities, in achieving maximum therapeutic indices. However, when using bioinformatics predictions with emerging innovations of in silico tools, neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines might become potent personalized vaccines for tumor treatments. In this review, we summarize the development of preclinical therapeutic cancer vaccines and the advancements of nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapies, which provide the basis for a personalized vaccine delivery platform. Moreover, we review the existing challenges and future perspectives of nanomaterial-based personalized vaccines for novel tumor immunotherapies.

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Breakthrough concepts in immune-oncology: Cancer vaccines at the bedside

Cited by 29 publications

References 395 publications

Antitumor effect and mechanism of FZD7 polypeptide vaccine

Antitumor effect and mechanism of FZD7 polypeptide vaccine

Recent Advances in DNA Vaccines against Lung Cancer: A Mini Review

Nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles for therapeutic cancer vaccine development

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