Breakage Resistance of Corn as a Function of Drying Rates

Gunasekaran, Sundaram; Paulsen, Marvin R

doi:10.13031/2013.32568

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The particle size of corn decreases with increase in heating temperature, because corn hardness is decreased by high temperature (Kirleis and Stroshine 1990). Our results here are in agreement with previous studies (Peplinski et al 1975;Gunasekaran and Paulsen 1985;Li et al 2014). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance, digestibility and haematological and immunological characteristics of weaned piglets

Huang

Zang

Song

et al. 2015

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance of weaned piglets. Crossbreed weaned piglets (n = 192; Duroc × Landrace × Large White) were assigned to one of four treatments (2 × 2 factorial arrangement). All piglets were fed corn-soybean meal diets and treatments were (1) hot air-dried and coarsely ground corn, (2) hot air-dried and finely ground corn, (3) sun-dried and coarsely ground corn and (4) sun-dried and finely ground corn. The results showed that finely ground corn (FGC) improved the performance of piglets. Additionally, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and ether extract (EE) were increased by FGC, but the drying methods did not affect the performance of piglets or ATTD. Furthermore, smaller particle size significantly decreased the intestinal permeability, which was also not influenced by drying methods. FGC increased the total number of white blood cells, but not other blood parameters. Finally, the level of serum interleukin-1 was decreased by fine grinding and that of serum tumour necrosis factor α was decreased by sun drying. Conversely, these characteristics of weaned piglets can hardly have been affected either by the corn drying method or its interaction with grinding methods.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance, digestibility and haematological and immunological characteristics of weaned piglets

Huang

Zang

Song

et al. 2015

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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“…9,10 The results are reported as the percentage of whole corn samples which will pass through a 4.75 mm (12/64) sieve following a 5 min cycle in the breakage tester. Hardness was determined by a modified Stenvert hardness test 11,12 as described by Li et al 13 The results are expressed as the energy (kJ) required to mill a 20 g sample of maize kernels equilibrated to 12% moisture, where the greater the energy the harder the grain.…”

Section: Breakage and Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of drying temperature on the nutritional quality of New Zealand‐grown maize for growing rats

et al. 2004

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The effect of drying temperature (ambient, 58, 80, 110 • C) on the nutritional quality of grain from two New Zealand maize hybrids (P3476, P3730) grown at two locations (Bay of Plenty, Waikato) was studied in growing rats, and the results of the biological evaluation were compared with the physical properties of the grain. Biological evaluation was carried out using 96 rats, with six rats for each of 16 hybrid × location × drying temperature treatments (three rats per analytical replicate). The experimental diets consisted of 94.5% ground grain supplemented with vitamin and salt mixes. The diets were offered at 15 g day −1 over a 5 day balance period. During the balance period, food intake was recorded and total faeces and urine were collected. The faeces and urine from the three rats of each replicate were pooled, and these samples, together with the diets, were analysed for total nitrogen (N) and gross energy. Dietary intake, faecal and urinary output, nutrient balance and nutrient digestibility and metabolisability were calculated for both N and energy. Before drying, the Waikato grain samples had a higher bulk density and the P3476 samples had a greater hardness. Breakage susceptibility for all samples increased with drying temperature. There were no statistically significant effects of drying temperature on the biological indicators used to assess nutritional quality, despite differences in the physical properties of the grain. There were several significant hybrid × location interactions that could be attributed to the P3730 × Bay of Plenty sample, and these interactions gave significant main effects. The findings suggested that significant savings in drying costs and enhanced productivity from the drying plant could be obtained by the feed grain industry, without compromising the nutritional value of the grain, by increasing the grain drying temperature.

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“…Todas as amostras apresentaram percentagem de fissura inferior a 1%, inclusive para as redondas, que são mais suscetíveis, e para as amostras retiradas da altura de zero e 0,50m no secador, com fluxo de ar de 20m 3 .min -1 .t -1 , consideradas por Gunasekaran et al (1985) e Peterson et al (1995) como condições drásticas de secagem por sua rapidez . Isto significa que as condições operacionais de secagem utilizadas foram ajustadas adequadamente, minimizando assim, as danificações relativas às fissuras.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Secagem de sementes de milho em espiga, em função da altura da camada e fluxo de ar

Neves

Peske

Villela

et al. 2005

Rev. bras. sementes

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RESUMO -Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram determinar a velocidade de secagem em função do fluxo de ar e seu efeito na qualidade de sementes de milho. Foram utilizadas sementes de milho em espiga com umidade inicial de 30% secas, em quatro protótipos de secador de fundo perfurado, com diâmetro de 0,92m, altura de 1,0m e ventilador axial, com cilindros de altura 2,0m instalados internamente. Utilizaram-se fluxos de ar de 5, 10 e 15m 3 .min -1 .t -1 e aquecimento do ar de 30°C, o que proporcionou uma UR entre 40 e 70%. As avaliações foram realizadas aos zero, seis e 12 meses de armazenamento, determinando-se a umidade das sementes durante a secagem, a percentagem de sementes fissuradas, a germinação e o vigor, pelos testes de envelhecimento acelerado, frio sem solo e emergência de plântulas em campo. Os resultados mostraram que a secagem estacionária, empregando ar com umidade relativa entre 40 e 70%, não ocasiona fissuras às sementes de milho em espiga. A velocidade mínima de secagem de milho em espiga, com grau de umidade superior a 25%, deve ser de 0,2 pontos percentuais por hora. O emprego de ar de secagem com umidade relativa entre 40 e 70% determina um gradiente máximo de umidade de dois pontos percentuais no final da secagem, numa camada de 1,50m de sementes de milho em espiga. A velocidade média de avanço da secagem de sementes de milho em espiga é afetada de forma não diretamente proporcional pelo fluxo de ar.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, frente de secagem, qualidade de sementes. SEED DRYING OF CORN EARS AS AFFECTED BY LAYER DEPTH AND AIR FLOWABSTRACT-The objective of this study was to evaluate the stationary drying process of corn seeds on the ear at 30% moisture content dried in four perfurated floor prototypes with 0.92m diameter, 1.0m height and axial fan and internal tubes 2.00m high. Air flows of 5.15 and 20m 3 .min -1 .t -1 were used with air heated to 30°C providing RH from 40 to 70%. Evaluations were made after zero, six and 12 months of storage, determining seed moisture content during drying, proportion of internal breakage in seeds, standard germination, accelerating ageing, cold test without soil and field emergency. Results showed that stationary drying with 40 to 70% RH did not cause internally broken kernels of hybrid seed corn on the ear that were not affected even at the maximum air flow, nearest to the perfurated floor and to round seeds that are more susceptible to breakage. On the other hand, physiological quality was affected by air flows below 20m 3 .min -1 .t -1 , as detected by cold germination after one year of storage. Maximum drying rate must be 0.18%/hour with seed moisture above 25%; therefore, drying at 40 to 70% RH, the seed moisture gradient is 2%/hour up to 1.50m seed layer height at the end of drying. Average drying front speed is not directly affected by air flow.

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Breakage Resistance of Corn as a Function of Drying Rates

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance, digestibility and haematological and immunological characteristics of weaned piglets

Effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance, digestibility and haematological and immunological characteristics of weaned piglets

The effect of drying temperature on the nutritional quality of New Zealand‐grown maize for growing rats

Secagem de sementes de milho em espiga, em função da altura da camada e fluxo de ar

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