Brazil’s Big River Projects and Their Impact on the Occurrence of Tropical Diseases

Ramos, Alberto Novaes; Pinheiro, Marta Cristhiany Cunha; Nuto, Sharmênia Araújo Soares; Filho, Edenilo Baltazar Barreira; Heukelbach, Jörg

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29061-0_15

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“…It is also worth noting that the Northeast region is currently undergoing a broad eco‐bio‐social intervention generated by the São Francisco River Integration Project (PISF for its initials in Portuguese), it will benefit 12 million people in 390 municipalities in the Northeastern states (Ceará, Pernambuco, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, the most affected by severe drought). However, this project can potentially contribute to the dispersion or introduction of intermediate hosts of S. mansoni in the areas impacted by this major water infrastructure project [34]. These areas have also presented intense migratory movements, mainly of construction workers and their families [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of schistosomiasis‐related mortality in Brazil: epidemiological patterns and spatial–temporal distribution, 2003–2018

Pinheiro

Ferreira

Filho

et al. 2020

Tropical Med Int Health

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abstarct Objective To characterise the epidemiological patterns and the spatial–temporal distribution of schistosomiasis‐related mortality in Brazil from 2003 to 2018. Methods A national population‐based ecological study that used official data from the Mortality Information System. The data included all deaths recorded in Brazil from 2003 to 2018 in which schistosomiasis was mentioned in the death certificate as an underlying or associated cause of death (multiple causes). The municipalities of residence were used as units of geographic analysis, and standardised and smoothed mortality rates (per 100 000 inhabitants) were calculated using the local empirical Bayes method. Spatial autocorrelation was evaluated using global and local Moran indexes. To analyse the spatial dependence, the Getis‐Ord G and Gi* statistics were used. Results During the study period, 18 421 113 deaths were recorded in Brazil. Schistosomiasis was mentioned in 11 487 deaths (proportional mortality: 0.06%); for 8141 deaths (70.87%), it was listed as the underlying cause, and for 3346 deaths (29.13%), it was listed as an associated cause. The mean mortality rate was 0.38 deaths/100 000 inhabitants. Individuals ≥ 70 years of age (RR: 115.34, 95% CI: 68.56–194.03) and residents in the Northeast region (RR: 10.81, 95% CI: 5.95–19.66) presented higher risks related to schistosomiasis. Municipalities with high mortality rates were identified in all regions, and high‐risk clusters were found in municipalities located in the Northeast and Southeast regions of the country. Conclusions Schistosomiasis remains an important cause of death in persistently endemic areas in Brazil, particularly in those with a high prevalence of the disease and a marked parasite load.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%