Brain stimulation improves cognitive control by modulating medial‐frontal activity and preSMA‐vmPFC functional connectivity

Yu, Jiaxin; Tseng, Philip; Hung, Daisy L.; Wu, Shih-Wei; Juan, Chi Hung

doi:10.1002/hbm.22893

Cited by 65 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The vmPFC is the primary cortical target of limbic projections (54), and stress-induced increases in activity may provide top-down modulation of amygdala reactivity and negative emotions. While not typically associated with inhibitory control, augmented vmPFC activity during reactive inhibition has been reported following methylphenidate administration (55) and neuromodulation of the pre-SMA (56). These findings, together with our observations following acute stress, could implicate norepinephrine signaling in altered vmPFC activation, but further research is needed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Prefrontal responses during proactive and reactive inhibition are differentially impacted by stress in anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Westwater

Mancini

Gorka

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Binge-eating is a distressing, transdiagnostic eating disorder symptom associated with impulsivity, particularly in negative mood states. Neuroimaging studies of bulimia nervosa (BN) report reduced activity in fronto-striatal regions implicated in self-regulatory control. However, it remains unknown if negative affective states, including stress, impair self-regulation, and, if so, whether such self-regulatory deficits generalize to binge-eating in underweight individuals (i.e., the bingeing/purging subtype of anorexia nervosa; AN-BP). Methods:We determined the effect of acute stress on inhibitory control in 85 women (33 BN, 22 AN-BP, 30 matched controls). Participants underwent repeated functional MRI scanning, during performance of the stop-signal anticipation task, a validated measure of proactive (i.e., anticipation of stopping) and reactive (outright stopping) inhibition. Neural and behavioral responses to induced, psychological stress and a control task were evaluated on two separate days.Results: Women with BN had reduced proactive inhibition while prefrontal responses were increased in both AN-BP and BN. Reactive inhibition was neurally and behaviorally intact in both diagnostic groups. Both AN-BP and BN groups showed distinct, stress-induced changes in prefrontal activity during both proactive and reactive inhibition. However, task performance was not significantly affected by stress. Conclusions:These findings offer novel evidence of reduced proactive inhibition in BN, yet inhibitory control deficits did not generalize to AN-BP. While both groups showed altered neural responses during inhibition following stress, neither group demonstrated stress-induced performance deficits. As such, our findings counsel against a simplistic, stress-induced failure of regulation as a holistic explanation for binge-eating in these conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Prefrontal responses during proactive and reactive inhibition are differentially impacted by stress in anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Westwater

Mancini

Gorka

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Lesion of the dmPFC in humans led to deficits in control in the presence of response conflicts (Nachev et al 2007). Direct current stimulation of the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) facilitated response inhibition (Yu et al 2015). The pCC is part of the default mode network (DMN).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemispheric lateralization of resting-state functional connectivity of the ventral striatum: an exploratory study

Zhang

Chao

et al. 2017

Brain Struct Funct

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Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is widely used to examine cerebral functional organization. The ventral striatum (VS) is critical to motivated behavior, with extant studies suggesting functional hemispheric asymmetry. The current work investigated differences in rsFC between the left (L) and right (R) VS and explored gender differences in the extent of functional lateralization. In 106 adults, we computed a laterality index (fcLI) to query whether a target region shows greater or less connectivity to the L vs R VS. A total of 45 target regions with hemispheric masks were examined from the Automated Anatomic Labeling atlas. One-sample t test was performed to explore significant laterality in the whole sample and in men and women separately. Two-sample t test was performed to examine gender differences in fcLI. At a corrected threshold (p < 0.05/45 = 0.0011), the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (pCC) showed L lateralization and the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and supramarginal gyrus (SMG) showed R lateralization in VS connectivity. Except for the pCC, these findings were replicated in a different data set (n = 97) from the Human Connectome Project. Furthermore, the fcLI of VS—pCC was negatively correlated with a novelty seeking trait in women but not in men. Together, the findings may suggest a more important role of the L VS in linking saliency response to self control and other internally directed processes. Right lateralization of VS connectivity to the SMG and IPS may support attention and action directed to external behavioral contingencies.

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“…We did not however, observe a stimulation-induced effect on SSRTs, inhibition accuracy and signal-respond RTs. While two recent studies found polarity-specific effects on SSRTs after anodal stimulation over pre-SMA (Liang et al, 2014;Yu et al, 2015), the lack of SSRTs and signal-respond RTs are in line with the findings from recent studies by Hsu and colleagues (2011) and . The authors applied anodal and cathodal tDCS over the SMFC to investigate its functional role in response inhibition operations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…tDCS is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that can be employed to modulate cortical activity and establish a causal role of specific regions or functionally/anatomically connected networks in behaviour (Liang et al, 2014;Yu, Tseng, Hung, Wu, & Juan, 2015). In addition, it can shed light on the systems-level neural mechanisms of specific cognitive operations by influencing performance in a polarityspecific manner (Filmer, Dux, & Mattingley, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selecting and inhibiting responses: Common cognitive and neural substrates?

Bender¹

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Despite the brain receiving a constant influx of sensory information in ever-changing environments, humans are nonetheless able to flexibly guide their behaviour in accordance with higher goals and plans. The cognitive system achieves this by implementing executive control processes that monitor, regulate and alter the settings of lower level cognitive processes that are involved in analyzing incoming sensory information and executing motor plans. At the core of goal-directed behaviour are the abilities to select appropriate responses and inhibit planned actions in response to changes in the environment or internal states. While there have been considerable advancements made in understanding the behavioural and neural substrates of response selection and response inhibition, we currently know relatively little about the relationship and possible interplay between these two key cognitive operations. The experiments in this thesis investigate the behavioural and neural overlap in response selection and response inhibition processes by identifying the latent structure that underpins performance in a wide range of action control tasks, exploring the causal role of a brain region that has been implicated in both processes, and by inspecting the degree to which response selection training transfers to other response selection and inhibitory control tasks.Study 1 describes a behavioural study that employed an individual differences approach to investigate the underlying relationships across a battery of common response selection tasks (as measured by the psychological refractory period paradigm (PRP), single response selection task, and attentional blink (AB) task), and response inhibition tasks (as measured by the stop-signal task (SST), Go-Nogo tasks, Stroop, and Flanker task). In order to avoid task impurity and construct validity problems that can seriously undermine the utility of correlational and exploratory factor analytic studies, I used confirmatory factor analysis to statistically extract only what is common about the tasks.Using this approach, I found that response inhibition and response selection were separable, with SST and Go-Nogo task performance related to response inhibition, and the PRP, Stroop, Single Response Selection, and AB tasks related to response selection.These findings suggest that response selection and response inhibition reflect two distinct cognitive operations.As neurocognitive work has implicated the superior medial frontal cortex (SMFC) in both response selection and the proactive modulation of response tendencies when stopping is occasionally required (inhibitory response selection control), it suggests that the neural substrates for these two cognitive operations overlap in this brain region. In Response selection performance is typically compromised due to the processing limitations associated with cognitive control and decision-making when completing two tasks together relative to when completing the component tasks in isolation. While these multitasking performance decr...

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Brain stimulation improves cognitive control by modulating medial‐frontal activity and preSMA‐vmPFC functional connectivity

Cited by 65 publications

References 55 publications

Prefrontal responses during proactive and reactive inhibition are differentially impacted by stress in anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Prefrontal responses during proactive and reactive inhibition are differentially impacted by stress in anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Hemispheric lateralization of resting-state functional connectivity of the ventral striatum: an exploratory study

Selecting and inhibiting responses: Common cognitive and neural substrates?

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