Brain Stimulation for Combating Alzheimerâ€™s Disease

Hansen, Niels

doi:10.3389/fneur.2014.00080

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) has several cholinergic projections, and it degenerates in AD; thus, the NBM is suggested as another possible future target for DBS in AD (Gratwicke et al, 2013 ; Hardenacke et al, 2013 ). A more detailed overview of DBS of the MTL regions for enhancement of learning and memory has been recently reviewed (Hansen, 2014 ; Suthana and Fried, 2014 ).…”

Section: Findings From Brain Stimulation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Episodic memory in aspects of large-scale brain networks

Jeong

Chung

Kim

2015

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Understanding human episodic memory in aspects of large-scale brain networks has become one of the central themes in neuroscience over the last decade. Traditionally, episodic memory was regarded as mostly relying on medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures. However, recent studies have suggested involvement of more widely distributed cortical network and the importance of its interactive roles in the memory process. Both direct and indirect neuro-modulations of the memory network have been tried in experimental treatments of memory disorders. In this review, we focus on the functional organization of the MTL and other neocortical areas in episodic memory. Task-related neuroimaging studies together with lesion studies suggested that specific sub-regions of the MTL are responsible for specific components of memory. However, recent studies have emphasized that connectivity within MTL structures and even their network dynamics with other cortical areas are essential in the memory process. Resting-state functional network studies also have revealed that memory function is subserved by not only the MTL system but also a distributed network, particularly the default-mode network (DMN). Furthermore, researchers have begun to investigate memory networks throughout the entire brain not restricted to the specific resting-state network (RSN). Altered patterns of functional connectivity (FC) among distributed brain regions were observed in patients with memory impairments. Recently, studies have shown that brain stimulation may impact memory through modulating functional networks, carrying future implications of a novel interventional therapy for memory impairment.

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Section: Findings From Brain Stimulation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Episodic memory in aspects of large-scale brain networks

Jeong

Chung

Kim

2015

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Of note is that there is also a growing literature on noninvasive brain stimulation in AD patient using transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and even vagal nerve stimulation [8]. Yet it is difficult to assess the specific brain systems involved, the underlying mechanisms, and the long-term effects of these stimulation methods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Stimulation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Fried

2016

JAD

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Deep brain stimulation has been successfully used in treatment of motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders. In a recent multi-center prospectively randomized study, deep brain stimulation of the fornix was administered in order to ameliorate the cognitive symptoms and clinical course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The study points to the possibility of modest slowing of the cognitive decline in AD in a subset of patients older than 65, while at the same time highlights the risk of stimulation in exacerbation of this decline in younger patients. The logic of conducting large clinical trials in the face of limited scientific understanding of the pathophysiology of AD and response of affected brain regions to electrical stimulation, is discussed with emphasis on the need to conduct: (i) animal studies in AD models, using precise focused stimulation; (ii) studies in patients who are implanted with depth electrodes for established clinical reasons (i.e., patients with epilepsy or movement disorders); and (iii) smaller adaptive studies in AD patients with systematic alterations of therapeutic parameters such as stimulation protocol.

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“…A simple search in Google Scholar with the keywords NBS and dementia results in identification of almost 4,000 articles. However, while numerous reviews emphasize the potential contribution of NBS in the early diagnosis of dementia [7][8][9][10][11][12], there have been no published clinical trials using TMS as a therapeutic tool for AD since 2012 [13]. Certainly, efforts to identify potential neural biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD are critical [9,14], but an equivalent effort should be put into the identification of efficacious treatments to minimize the cognitive problems and disabling symptoms, and ultimately to slow down its progression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Gonsalvez

Baror

Fried

et al. 2017

CAR

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a looming public health crisis that currently lacks an effective treatment. Noninvasive Brain Stimulation (NBS), particularly transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), offers a promising alternative approach to pharmacological interventions for an increasing number of neurological and psychiatric conditions. The aim of this review is summarize data from therapeutic trials of NBS in AD and other dementing illnesses. Despite the potential of NBS, there is limited theoretical framework and a lack of guidelines for its applications to AD. Several published clinical trials failed to report key parameters of the interventions thus limiting the utility of the study to assess efficacy and safety. Our review concludes with some suggestions for future studies aimed to advance research into NBS as a potential treatment for the symptoms and disabilities caused by AD and to enable comparison of results across trials. Ultimately, appropriately powered, and controlled, multi-site randomized clinical trials will be needed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of NBS in AD.

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Brain Stimulation for Combating Alzheimerâ€™s Disease

Cited by 18 publications

References 61 publications

Episodic memory in aspects of large-scale brain networks

Episodic memory in aspects of large-scale brain networks

Brain Stimulation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Therapeutic Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Alzheimer’s Disease

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