Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with developmental delay in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Developmental delay is a major health problem throughout the world causing significant individual disability. Even though physical examination and patient history are the most important and basic evaluations of patients with developmental delay, additional investigations are usually required in supporting or reaching a diagnosis among which is neuroimaging. This study aims to assess brain Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) patterns in patients presented with developmental delay.METHOD: A retrospective analysis of 164 patients who had undergone brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) evaluation for the developmental delay was done. The study was conducted between March to November 2021 G.C at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). The patients’ clinical history and magnetic resonance imaging reports were reviewed from their medical records. All patients with developmental delay who had brain MRI evaluation at TASH and at one private diagnostic center in Addis Ababa were included in the study.RESULTS: A total of 164 patients were included in this study of which 95(57.9%) were male and 69(42.1%) female patients were seen. A total of 120 patients (73.2%) showed abnormal brain MRI studies. Previous neurovascular insults were the most common abnormalities seen in 75(45.7%) patients followed by imaging findings of congenital and developmental abnormalities seen in 20(12.2%) patients.CONCLUSION: Brain MRI is an important input in the evaluation of patients with developmental delay. It can give evidence for the cause of developmental delay, especially in the diagnosis of perinatal/hypoxic-ischemic insults, and congenital and developmental malformations.

Prevalence of Cervical Spondylosis and Its Associated Factors Among Symptomatic Adult Patients Attending Tertiary Hospital Ethiopia 2023

“…In this study, the most affected age group was 40-60 years, which was 57%. This was in line with the study done in the same setting in the radiology department on people with neck pain that undergo cervical spine MRI evaluation and the studies done in Ireland, China, Nepal, and Nigeria on patients with neck pain (3,5,15,(21)(22)(23). The second highest was seen in those aged above 60 years.…”

“…In this study, the osteophyte complex was 61.3 % in the cervical spine. This study was comparable with a study at the same setting in the TASH radiology department on people with chronic neck pain, which was 68.8% (5)The study had more ndings than the study done in Tokyo, Japan; the difference may have been caused by the Tokyo study's small sample size (35).…”

“…In this study, 66% of the cervical spine had neural foraminal stenosis. It was lower than the 73.1% from the previous study at TASH and the 77% from the Danish study (5,25).…”

“…According to this study, the cervical spine's spinal canal stenosis was found to be 48.9%. It was once lower than in the prior TASH research (5).…”

“…The degenerative changes such as osteophytes , disc-herniation , spinal canal stenosis, neural foraminal stenosis, ligament and facet-joint hypertrophy are also related to cervical spondylosis (5).…”