Prevalence of Cervical Spondylosis and Its Associated Factors Among Symptomatic Adult Patients Attending Tertiary Hospital Ethiopia 2023

Abstract

Background: Cervical spondylosis (CS) is a comprehensive term that describes age-related chronic muscles or bones diseases, which results in neck pain, tingling in arms and possible myelopathic associated paralysis. Objective: The Aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of CS and its associated factors among symptomatic adult patients. Materials and Methods: The study was a retrospective hospital based conducted at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, between May to December 2022 on Cervical spondylosis (CS) patients. The source population was, all spondylosis patients. The study population was all CS patients having completed clinical and imaging data from January 2020 to January 2022. Patients with incomplete data, acute trauma to the neck, congenital, neoplastic, idiopathic, circulatory, and metabolic were excluded from study. Result: During the study period, 2176 Spondylosis were diagnosed. Of these, medical records of 339 cases were taken. Among these, 189(55.8%) female and 150 (44.2%) were males. The mean age of patients was 54.9 years, with SD of 10.044. Among all spondylosis, the prevalence of cervical spondylosis was 97(28.6%) which is the second most common next to lumbar spondylosis 199(58.7%). 40(11.8%) were having both cervical and lumbar spondylosis and 3(0.9%) was having thoracic spondylosis. The female was higher than male with a (AOR = 2.959, CI= 1.445- 6.060, p=.003), and age group 40-59 years higher as compared to below 40 and above 60 years with a (AOR=2.011, CI=1.164 -6.240, p=.000). Current smokers were higher with a (AOR =2.02, CI=1.843-11.0242, p=.008) and current alcohol user also higher with a (AOR= 2.83, CI=1.520-10.974, p=0.000). Conclusion: The prevalence of cervical spondylosis (CS) was high compared to the reported literatures on cervical spondylosis. The risk of CS increases with age in both sexes, and females were more affected by cervical spondylosis.