Brain-immune interactions and disease susceptibility

Marques-Deak, Andrea; Cizza, Giovanni; Sternberg, Esther M.

doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001643

Cited by 113 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 215 publications

(187 reference statements)

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“…It is noted that there are several blood cell types with their own features in the peripheral blood vessel. The figure is an extension of Figure 1 in Marques-Deak et al [23] . BSCB: Blood-spinal cord barrier; CNS: Central nervous system; BBB: Blood-brain barrier.…”

Section: General Description Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Finally, there are data that suggest changes in gene expression [13,14] , epigenetic patterns [15] , proteo mic/metabolic markers [1618] and functional cellular pathways [16,1921] are present in both the peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) tissue. More recently our concepts about the interactions between the brain and periphery have been expanded with data suggesting that the CNS may influence gene expression and metabolism in the peripheral blood via cytokines, neurotransmitters, or hormones [22,23] , while immunerelated alterations in the CNS may in turn originate from peripheral blood [10,24] ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarkers in schizophrenia: A focus on blood based diagnostics and theranostics

Lai

Scarr

Udawela

et al. 2016

WJP

132

104

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Identifying biomarkers that can be used as diagnostics or predictors of treatment response (theranostics) in people with schizophrenia (Sz) will be an important step towards being able to provide personalized treatment. Findings from the studies in brain tissue have not yet been translated into biomarkers that are practical in clinical use because brain biopsies are not acceptable and neuroimaging techniques are expensive and the results are inconclusive. Thus, in recent years, there has been search for blood-based biomarkers for Sz as a valid alternative. Although there are some encouraging preliminary data to support the notion of peripheral biomarkers for Sz, it must be acknowledged that Sz is a complex and heterogeneous disorder which needs to be further dissected into subtype using biological based and clinical markers. The scope of this review is to critically examine published blood-based biomarker of Sz, focusing on possible uses for diagnosis, treatment response, or their relationship with schizophreniaassociated phenotype. We sorted the studies into six categories which include: (1) brain-derived neurotrophic factor; (2) inflammation and immune function; (3) neurochemistry; (4) oxidative stress response and metabolism; (5) epigenetics and microRNA; and (6) transcriptome and proteome studies. This review also summarized the molecules which have been conclusively reported as potential blood-based biomarkers for Sz in different blood cell types. Finally, we further discusses the pitfall of current blood-based studies and suggest that a prediction model-based, Sz specific, blood World Journal of Psychiatry W J P oriented study design as well as standardize blood collection conditions would be useful for Sz biomarker development.

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Section: General Description Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers in schizophrenia: A focus on blood based diagnostics and theranostics

Lai

Scarr

Udawela

et al. 2016

WJP

132

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also intriguing is the known sexually dimorphic prevalence of both cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. In both pathologies, the etiology or the manifestations are linked to sympathetic responses (Palatini, 2001;Marques-Deak et al, 2005;Straub, 2007) . Thus, the clinical significance of the observed sexual dimorphism in response to adrenoceptor stimulation should be further addressed in the context of these pathologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male–female differences in the impact of β-adrenoceptor stimulation on resistance to experimental metastasis: Exploring the effects of age and gonadal hormone involvement

Page

Fennelly

Littleton-Kearney

et al. 2008

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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We studied the development of sexual dimorphism in resistance to NK-sensitive experimental metastasis under baseline conditions and following adrenoceptor stimulation. With increasing age, baseline resistance to MADB106 lung tumor retention (LTR) increased in both sexes, but also the susceptibility to the tumor-enhancing effects of a β-adrenergic agonist, metaproterenol. Beginning at 13 weeks, males exhibited a 2-to 3-fold greater increase in LTR than females following adrenoceptor stimulation. This adult dimorphism was robust to ovariectomy, and questionably related to androgens. The findings are consistent with reduced female responsiveness to sympathetic activation, and substantiate the importance of including both sexes when studying neuroimmunomodulation.

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“…Inflammatory cytokines are known to be a strong inducer of osteoclastogenesis. The activity and level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), are also increased in depression [21] . Moreover, as potent stimulators of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, these inflammatory mediators might contribute to hypercortisolism in depression [22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antidepressant bupropion exerts alleviating properties in an ovariectomized osteoporotic rat model

et al. 2014

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Aim: depression is a risk factor for impaired bone mass and micro-architecture, but several antidepressants were found to increase the incidence of osteoporotic fractures. in the present study we used ovariectomized (oVX) rats as a model of osteoporosis to investigate the effects of the antidepressant bupropion on the femoral bones. Methods: oVX animals were treated with bupropion (30, 60 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 ) for six weeks. bone turnover biomarkers (urinary dPd/Cr ratio, serum BALP, OC, TRAcP 5b, CTX and sRANKL levels) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) were determined using ELISA. inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (iCP-Ms) was used to determine the femoral bone mineral concentrations. The cortical and trabecular morphometric parameters of femoral bones were determined using micro-CT scan and histopathology. Results: In OVX rats, the levels of bone turnover biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated and femoral bone Ca 2+ and Po 4 3-concentrations were significantly reduced. Moreover, cortical and trabecular morphometric parameters and histopathology of femoral bones were severely altered by ovariectomy. bupropion dose-dependently inhibited the increases in bone turnover biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines. OVX rats treated with the high dose of bupropion showed normal mineral concentrations in femoral bones. The altered morphometric parameters and histopathology of femoral bones were markedly attenuated by the treatment. Conclusion: bupropion exerts osteo-protective action in oVX rats through suppressing osteoclastogenesis-inducing factors and inflammation, which stabilize the osteoclasts and decrease bone matrix degradation or resorption.

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Brain-immune interactions and disease susceptibility

Cited by 113 publications

References 215 publications

Biomarkers in schizophrenia: A focus on blood based diagnostics and theranostics

Biomarkers in schizophrenia: A focus on blood based diagnostics and theranostics

Male–female differences in the impact of β-adrenoceptor stimulation on resistance to experimental metastasis: Exploring the effects of age and gonadal hormone involvement

The antidepressant bupropion exerts alleviating properties in an ovariectomized osteoporotic rat model

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