Brain Bases for Auditory Stimulus-Driven Figure–Ground Segregation

Teki, Sundeep; Chait, Maria; Kumar, Sukhbinder; Kriegstein, Katharina von; Griffiths, Timothy D.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3788-10.2011

Cited by 126 publications

(278 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…We modified a recently introduced SFG stimulus that has been used successfully in both psychoacoustic and fMRI research (Teki et al, 2011(Teki et al, , 2013. This stimulus aims to model naturally occurring complex acoustic scenes characterized by a figure and background that overlap in spectrotemporal space, and that are only distinguishable by their temporal fluctuation statistics (Fig.…”

Section: Stimulus Creation and Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, by grouping the coherent features together, the auditory system can segregate out one source from other (mixed but uncorrelated) sources. But to do so, there must be a (coincidence) mechanism that can detect the coherence of different channels and exploit them when they occur (Elhilali et al, 2009a;Shamma and Micheyl, 2010;Shamma et al, 2011Krishnan et al, 2014;Wolf et al, 2014). The search for evidence of such a coincidencemeasuring mechanism is the objective of this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A novel stimulus, known as a stochastic figure-ground (SFG) stimulus, was developed recently to explore this phenomenon (Teki et al, 2011(Teki et al, , 2013. It consists of a sequence of inharmonic chords, each containing several pure tones, which are randomly selected from a predefined set.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment, Teki et al (2011) used this stimulus to investigate preattentive stream segregation mechanisms, and showed significant activation in the intraparietal sulcus and the superior temporal sulcus. While these are important findings, alternative ap-proaches using techniques such as magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) promise further insights given their far superior temporal resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, using such an approach in an EEG experiment, we show that it is possible to extract a neural signature of temporal coherence computations. Furthermore, we explore the effects of actively listening to such complex stimuli, as opposed to just passive listening as was done in the aforementioned fMRI study (Teki et al, 2011). We wondered whether active listening alters the nature of auditory processing beyond enhancing the early obligatory computations that are already occurring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for Neural Computations of Temporal Coherence in an Auditory Scene and Their Enhancement during Active Listening

2015

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The human brain has evolved to operate effectively in highly complex acoustic environments, segregating multiple sound sources into perceptually distinct auditory objects. A recent theory seeks to explain this ability by arguing that stream segregation occurs primarily due to the temporal coherence of the neural populations that encode the various features of an individual acoustic source. This theory has received support from both psychoacoustic and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that use stimuli which model complex acoustic environments. Termed stochastic figure-ground (SFG) stimuli, they are composed of a "figure" and background that overlap in spectrotemporal space, such that the only way to segregate the figure is by computing the coherence of its frequency components over time. Here, we extend these psychoacoustic and fMRI findings by using the greater temporal resolution of electroencephalography to investigate the neural computation of temporal coherence. We present subjects with modified SFG stimuli wherein the temporal coherence of the figure is modulated stochastically over time, which allows us to use linear regression methods to extract a signature of the neural processing of this temporal coherence. We do this under both active and passive listening conditions. Our findings show an early effect of coherence during passive listening, lasting from ϳ115 to 185 ms post-stimulus. When subjects are actively listening to the stimuli, these responses are larger and last longer, up to ϳ265 ms. These findings provide evidence for early and preattentive neural computations of temporal coherence that are enhanced by active analysis of an auditory scene.

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Section: Stimulus Creation and Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for Neural Computations of Temporal Coherence in an Auditory Scene and Their Enhancement during Active Listening

2015

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Spatial orienting in complex audiovisual environments

Nardo

Santangelo

Macaluso

2013

Human Brain Mapping

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Previous studies on crossmodal spatial orienting typically used simple and stereotyped stimuli in the absence of any meaningful context. This study combined computational models, behavioural measures and functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate audiovisual spatial interactions in naturalistic settings. We created short videos portraying everyday life situations that included a lateralised visual event and a co-occurring sound, either on the same or on the opposite side of space. Subjects viewed the videos with or without eye-movements allowed (overt or covert orienting). For each video, visual and auditory saliency maps were used to index the strength of stimulus-driven signals, and eye-movements were used as a measure of the efficacy of the audiovisual events for spatial orienting. Results showed that visual salience modulated activity in higher-order visual areas, whereas auditory salience modulated activity in the superior temporal cortex. Auditory salience modulated activity also in the posterior parietal cortex, but only when audiovisual stimuli occurred on the same side of space (multisensory spatial congruence). Orienting efficacy affected activity in the visual cortex, within the same regions modulated by visual salience. These patterns of activation were comparable in overt and covert orienting conditions. Our results demonstrate that, during viewing of complex multisensory stimuli, activity in sensory areas reflects both stimulus-driven signals and their efficacy for spatial orienting; and that the posterior parietal cortex combines spatial information about the visual and the auditory modality.

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Sense and Sensibility: A Review of the Behavioral Neuroscience of Tinnitus Sound Therapy and a New Typology

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2020

The Behavioral Neuroscience of Tinnitus

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Brain Bases for Auditory Stimulus-Driven Figure–Ground Segregation

Cited by 126 publications

References 67 publications

Evidence for Neural Computations of Temporal Coherence in an Auditory Scene and Their Enhancement during Active Listening

Evidence for Neural Computations of Temporal Coherence in an Auditory Scene and Their Enhancement during Active Listening

Spatial orienting in complex audiovisual environments

Sense and Sensibility: A Review of the Behavioral Neuroscience of Tinnitus Sound Therapy and a New Typology

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