Brain 4: a novel mammalian POU domain transcription factor exhibiting restricted brain-specific expression.

Mathis, J. Michael; Simmons, Donna M.; He, Xi; Swanson, Larry W.; Rosenfeld, Michael G.

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05320.x

Cited by 147 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…5J), which is not seen in the mdab1 mutant cortex; in yotari and scrambler, mutant mice carrying loss-of-function mutations in the mdab1 gene, cortical neurons fail to split the preplate to form the CP between the MZ and SP (Rice and Curran 1999). The maintenance of integrity of preplate splitting in Brn-1/ Brn-2 mutant E16.5 cortex could be caused by the redundant function of another class III POU factor, Brn-4, that also shares high homology in its primary structure with Brn-1 and Brn-2 (Mathis et al 1992). In wildtype as well as double-mutant cortex, Brn-4 expression was also detected in the migrating neurons at ∼E15.5, but was reduced after then ( Fig.…”

Section: Brn-1 and Brn-2 In Neocortical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brn-1 and Brn-2 share crucial roles in the production and positioning of mouse neocortical neurons

Sugitani¹,

Nakai²,

Minowa³

et al. 2002

Genes Dev.

228

242

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Formation of highly organized neocortical structure depends on the production and correct placement of the appropriate number and types of neurons. POU homeodomain proteins Brn-1 and Brn-2 are coexpressed in the developing neocortex, both in the late precursor cells and in the migrating neurons. Here we show that double disruption of both Brn-1 and Brn-2 genes in mice leads to abnormal formation of the neocortex with dramatically reduced production of layer IV-II neurons and defective migration of neurons unable to express mDab1. These data indicate that Brn-1 and Brn-2 share roles in the production and positioning of neocortical neuron development. Received January 22, 2002; revised version accepted May 23, 2002. The mature neocortex is organized into six cell layers, each of which contains neurons with similar morphologies, molecular properties, and projection patterns. The development of this neocortical structure depends on a highly ordered pattern of neuronal production and migration. Cortical neurons that comprise each layer are sequentially produced in the ventricular zone of the dorsal telencephalon (Angevine and Sidman 1961;Takahashi et al. 1999). Although the regulatory factors that function in this sequential production of a variety of layer-specific neurons have not been identified in mammals, in Drosophila the successive production of different types of cells from neuroblasts has been found to require a temporally stereotyped pattern of expression of a set of transcription factors including the Drosophila POU transcription factors Pdm1 and Pdm2 (Isshiki et al. 2001). In mammals, newly produced neurons leave their birthplace, migrate toward the cortical surface, and form cortical layers in an inside-out pattern with respect to their time of birth (Angevine and Sidman 1961;Rakic 1972). Recent genetic studies have identified large numbers of functional molecules involved in the migration/ positioning of neocortical neurons (for review, see Rice and Curran 1999).Brn-1 and Brn-2, members of the mammalian class III POU transcription factor family, are prominently expressed in the embryonic brain, including the neocortex (He et al. 1989). Each single mutant, however, shows abnormalities only in limited brain regions. In Brn-2 mutant neonates, neuronal loss was observed only in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, where Brn-1 is not expressed (Nakai et al. 1995;Schonemann et al. 1995). In Brn-1 mutants, remarkable changes in brain morphology were observed only in the hippocampus, where Brn-2 expression is barely detectable (data not shown). In the neocortex, where both Brn-1 and Brn-2 are expressed, no overt developmental defects were seen in either single mutant. These observations suggest functional complementation between Brn-1 and Brn-2 in neocortical development. Results and DiscussionTo explore their possible overlapping functions in neocortical development, we generated Brn-1/Brn-2 double homozygous mutants by intercrossing double heterozygotes that were healthy and fertile, wi...

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Section: Brn-1 and Brn-2 In Neocortical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brn-1 and Brn-2 share crucial roles in the production and positioning of mouse neocortical neurons

Sugitani¹,

Nakai²,

Minowa³

et al. 2002

Genes Dev.

228

242

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Bayer (1990) regarded the piriform cortex as being derived from the LGE, and Bayer and Altman (1991b) considered that the neuroepithelium of the lateral ventricular angle may be classified as a cortical primordium. Halliday and Cepko (1992) also raised the possibility that some generative cells of the ST migrate to positions outside the ST. Interestingly, hybridization for Brn-4, one of the members of the family POU domain genes (Mathis et al, 1992), reveals migratory cells streaming out of the striatal primordium to form a layered structure in the ventrolateral surface of the TV, probably corresponding to the olfactory cortex [Alvarez-Bolado et al (1995), their Fig. 11C].…”

Section: The Ventrolateral Cortex Derives From the Lgementioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Cell Migration from the Lateral Ganglionic Eminence in the Rat

1996

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From previous developmental studies, it has been proposed that the neurons of the ventrolateral cortex, including the primary olfactory cortex, differentiate from progenitor cells in the lateral ganglionic eminence. The objective of the present study was to test this hypothesis. The cells first generated in the forebrain of the rat migrate to the surface of the telencephalic vesicle by embryonic day (E) 12. Using [3 H]thymidine, we found that most of these cells contributed to the formation of the deep layer III of the primary olfactory cortex. To study the migratory routes of these cells, we made localized injections of the carbocyanine fluorescent tracers DiI and DiA into various parts of the lateral ganglionic eminence in living embryos at E12-E14 and subsequently maintained the embryos in a culture device for 17-48 hr. After fixation, most migrating cells were located at the surface of the telencephalic vesicle, whereas others were seen coursing tangentially into the preplate. Injections made at E13 and in fixed tissue at E15 showed that migrating cells follow radial glial fibers extending from the ventricular zone of the lateral ganglionic eminence to the ventrolateral surface of the telencephalic vesicle. The spatial distribution of radial glial fibers was studied in Golgi preparations, and these observations provided further evidence of the existence of long glial fibers extending from the ventricular zone of the lateral ganglionic eminence to the ventrolateral cortex. We conclude that cells of the primary olfactory cortex derive from the lateral ganglionic eminence and that some early generated cells migrating from the lateral ganglionic eminence transgress the cortico-striatal boundary entering the preplate of the neocortical primordium.

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“…These transcription factors are generally expressed in distinctive spatially and temporally restricted patterns in embryonic and adult neural tissues. For example, POU family proteins have been reported to be expressed in neural tissues (He et al 1989;Mathis et al 1992;) and many of them are initially expressed widely in the developing neural tube, but expression subsequently becomes restricted to a region specific for each factor in the adult nervous system. Expression of the COUP/svp proteins is initially restricted to embryonic neural tissues (Fjose et al 1993;Lutz et al 1994), while C/EBP appears to be expressed only in the adult brain (Kuo et al 1990).…”

Section: Expression Of Mafk During Mesoderm Formation/differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesodermal‐ vs. neuronal‐specific expression of MafK is elicited by different promoters

et al. 1996

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Background: Small members of the Maf family of transcriptional regulatory proteins share similar basic-leucine zipper domains but have no intrinsic ability to activate transcription. One member of the family (MafK) has been shown to mediate both negative and positive regulation: in addition to forming a homodimer which represses transcription, MafK can also form a heterodimer with p45 (the large subunit of erythroid transcription factor NF-E2) to activate transcription.

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Brain 4: a novel mammalian POU domain transcription factor exhibiting restricted brain-specific expression.

Cited by 147 publications

References 62 publications

Brn-1 and Brn-2 share crucial roles in the production and positioning of mouse neocortical neurons

Brn-1 and Brn-2 share crucial roles in the production and positioning of mouse neocortical neurons

Dynamics of Cell Migration from the Lateral Ganglionic Eminence in the Rat

Mesodermal‐ vs. neuronal‐specific expression of MafK is elicited by different promoters

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