Dynamics of Cell Migration from the Lateral Ganglionic Eminence in the Rat

Carlos, Juan; López‐Mascaraque, Laura; Valverde, Facundo

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-19-06146.1996

Cited by 383 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Previous studies indicated that the majority of olfactory cortex neurons are derived from the ventral pallium, in which Pax6 is strongly expressed during embryogenesis, and that the Pax6 mutant lacks subpopulation of these neurons (de Carlos et al 1996;Yun et al 2001;Hirata et al 2002). We also reported that neurons in the superficial layer of the olfactory cortex are deficient in the Pax6 mutant .…”

Section: Role Of Pax6 In the Developing Olfactory Cortexsupporting

confidence: 62%

Role of a transcription factor Pax6 in the developing vertebrate olfactory system

2007

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The olfactory system is responsible for capturing and processing odorant information, which significantly influences a variety of behaviors in animals. The vertebrate olfactory system consists of several neuronal components including the olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb and olfactory cortex, which originate from distinct embryonic tissues. The transcription factor Pax6 is strongly expressed in the embryonic and postnatal olfactory systems, and regulates neuronal specification, migration and differentiation. Here we review classical and recent studies focusing on the role of Pax6 in the developing olfactory system, and highlight the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the highly coordinated developmental processes of the vertebrate olfactory system.

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Section: Role Of Pax6 In the Developing Olfactory Cortexsupporting

confidence: 62%

Role of a transcription factor Pax6 in the developing vertebrate olfactory system

2007

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“…The direction of endothelial cell migration resembles tangential migration of GABA neurons, but the endothelial cell migration begins earlier 18,19 . Neurogenesis and GABA neuron migration are regulated by region-specific homeobox transcription factors, which bestow cell-autonomous regional identities 7,20,21 .…”

Section: Endothelial Cells Express Homeobox Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, GABA neurons of the basal forebrain are not restricted to the compartment of origin but migrate across compartmental boundaries 18,19 , despite expressing compartment-specific homeobox genes 29 . Which of these two models applies to telencephalic endothelial cells?…”

Section: Endothelial Cells Express Homeobox Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compartment-specific transcription factors orchestrate angiogenesis gradients in the embryonic brain

et al. 2008

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Prevailing notions of cerebral vascularization imply that blood vessels sprout passively into the brain parenchyma from pial vascular plexuses to meet metabolic needs of growing neuronal populations. Endothelial cells, building blocks of blood vessels, are thought to be homogeneous in the brain with respect to their origins, gene expression patterns and developmental mechanisms. These current notions that cerebral angiogenesis is regulated by local environmental signals contrast with current models of cell-autonomous regulation of neuronal development. Here we demonstrate that telencephalic angiogenesis in mice progresses in an orderly, ventral-to-dorsal gradient regulated by compartment-specific homeobox transcription factors. Our data offer new perspectives on intrinsic regulation of angiogenesis in the embryonic telencephalon, call for a revision of the current models of telencephalic angiogenesis and support novel roles for endothelial cells in brain development.Brain development is supported by concomitant development of brain vasculature. However, blood vessels or endothelial cells are generally considered to lack molecular diversity in the embryonic or mature CNS 1,2 . Currently, it is believed that once the perineural plexuses on the pial surface (pial vessels) surrounding the neural tube are produced, cerebral vasculature develops further by passive vessel sprouting into the brain parenchyma in response to increased tissue mass and oxygen demand 1,2 . Although classical studies identified a ventral to dorsal temporal developmental angiogenesis gradient in the telencephalon 3 , the sequence of angiogenesis was considered to merely shadow neurogenesis and neuronal maturation. Similarly, although shared mechanisms regulating vascular and neuronal development have been recognized 4 , the canonical principles of neuronal development are not seen as applicable to CNS angiogenesis.

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“…Unlike pyramidal neurons, which are born in the dorsal telencephalon, the majority of cortical interneurons in mice are generated in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) of the ventral forebrain, between embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) and birth, and reach the cortex by tangential migration (de Carlos et al, 1996;Anderson et al, 1997;Tamamaki et al, 1997;Lavdas et al, 1999;Sussel et al, 1999;Wichterle et al, 1999;Pleasure et al, 2000;Marin and Rubenstein, 2003;Valcanis and Tan, 2003). The first population of interneurons emerging from the MGE (ϳE12.5) invade the cortex via the marginal zone (MZ), whereas subsequent waves of GABAergic interneurons populate the lower intermediate and subventricular zones (IZ/SVZ) (Corbin et al, 2001;Jimenez et al, 2002;Marin and Rubenstein, 2003;Tanaka et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lhx6Activity Is Required for the Normal Migration and Specification of Cortical Interneuron Subtypes

Liodis¹,

Denaxa²,

Grigoriou³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

363

459

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The cerebral cortex contains two main neuronal cell populations, the excitatory glutamatergic (pyramidal) neurons and the inhibitory interneurons, which synthesize GABA and constitute 20 -30% of all cortical neurons. In contrast to the mostly homogeneous population of projection neurons, cortical interneurons are characterized by remarkable morphological, molecular, and functional diversity. Among the markers that have been used to classify cortical interneurons are the calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin and calretinin and the neuropeptide somatostatin, which in rodents identify mostly nonoverlapping interneuron subpopulations. Pyramidal neurons are born during embryogenesis in the ventricular zone of the dorsal telencephalon, whereas cortical interneurons are generated in the subpallium and reach the cortex by tangential migration. On completion of tangential migration, cortical interneurons switch to a radial mode of migration and enter the cortical plate. Although the mechanisms that control the generation of interneuron diversity are currently unknown, it has been proposed that their site of origin in the ventral forebrain determines their specification into defined neurochemical subgroups. Here, we show that Lhx6, a gene induced in the medial ganglionic eminence and maintained in parvalbumin-and somatostatin-positive interneurons, is required for the specification of these neuronal subtypes in the neocortex and the hippocampus. We also show that Lhx6 activity is required for the normal tangential and radial migration of GABAergic interneurons in the cortex.

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Dynamics of Cell Migration from the Lateral Ganglionic Eminence in the Rat

Cited by 383 publications

References 65 publications

Role of a transcription factor Pax6 in the developing vertebrate olfactory system

Role of a transcription factor Pax6 in the developing vertebrate olfactory system

Compartment-specific transcription factors orchestrate angiogenesis gradients in the embryonic brain

Lhx6Activity Is Required for the Normal Migration and Specification of Cortical Interneuron Subtypes

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