Bowmanella denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from seawater from An-Ping Harbour, Taiwan

Abstract

Bowmanella denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from seawater from An-Ping Harbour, Taiwan T grew in NaCl levels of 0-10 %, with better growth occurring at 1-3 %. It grew aerobically and could achieve anaerobic growth by adopting a denitrifying metabolism with nitrate or nitrous oxide as the terminal electron acceptor. The major fatty acids were C 16 : 0 , C 18 : 1 v7c and summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 v7c and/or C 15 : 0 iso 2-OH). The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine (56?6 %) and phosphatidylglycerol (43?4 %). The isoprenoid quinones were Q-8 (81?5 %), Q-9 (11?1 %) and Q-10 (7?4 %). The DNA G+C content was 50?0 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BD1 T formed a distinct lineage in the Gammaproteobacteria and that it exhibited the highest level of sequence similarity with species of the genera Alteromonas (92?8-93?7 %), Aestuariibacter (93?0 %), Glaciecola (90?4-92?7 %) and Salinimonas (91?8 %). Strain BD1 T was distinguishable from species of these genera by the presence of Q-9 and Q-10. Phenotypically, strain BD1 T was also distinguishable from species of these genera in that it did not require NaCl for growth and was capable of denitrification. On the basis of the polyphasic data from this study, the isolate represents a novel species within a novel genus, for which the name Bowmanella denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Bowmanella denitrificans is BD1 T (=BCRC 17491Alteromonas-like bacteria (Alteromonas-related bacteria) belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria comprise a large group of marine, heterotrophic, Gram-negative rods that are mainly non-fermentative and polarly flagellated. A wide variety of families and genera have been classified as belonging to this bacterial group, including the Alteromonadaceae (Alteromonas, Aestuariibacter, Glaciecola and Salinimonas), the Colwelliaceae (Colwellia and Thalassomonas), the Ferrimonadaceae (Ferrimonas), the Idiomarinaceae (Idiomarina and Pseudidiomarina), the Moritellaceae (Moritella), the Pseudoalteromonadaceae (Pseudoalteromonas and Algicola), the Psychromonadaceae (Psychromonas), the Shewanellaceae (Shewanella) and Agarivorans, Oceanimonas, Oceanisphaera and Zobellella (Ivanova et al., 2004;Jean et al., 2006;Jeon et al., 2005;Kurahashi & Yokota, 2004;Lin & Shieh, 2006;Yi et al., 2004). Only some species in these families and genera are reported to be denitrifying bacteria, e.g. Shewanella denitrificans, Shewanella sediminis, Shewanella decolorationis, Zobellella denitrificans and Zobellella taiwanensis (Brettar et al., 2002;Lin & Shieh, 2006;Xu et al., 2005;Zhao et al., 2005Zhao et al., , 2006.A non-fermentative denitrifying isolate has been recovered in our laboratory from a seawater sample collected in the shallow coastal region of An-Ping Harbour, Tainan, Taiwan, during a survey of the diversity of denitrifying bacteria. The polyphasic data obtained in this study indicated that this denitrifying isolate could be classified within a...

Bowmanella pacifica sp. nov., isolated from a pyrene-degrading consortium

“…Based on these results, we consider that strain W3-3A T should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Bowmanella, which was proposed by Jean et al (2006). Strains isolated in this study were stored at 280 u C in M2 medium (l 21 seawater: CH 3 COONa, 5.0 g; tryptone, 0.5 g; yeast extract, 0.5 g; glucose, 0.5 g; sucrose, 0.5 g; sodium citrate, 0.05 g; malic acid, 0.05 g; NH 4 NO 3 , 1.0 g; NH 4 Cl, 0.2 g; KH 2 PO 4 , 0.5 g; adjusted to pH 7.6) (Wang et al, 2008), supplemented with 16 % (v/v) glycerol for maintenance.…”

“…Minor amounts of phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified lipid were also detected in both strains. In the study of Jean et al (2006), only phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine were detected.…”

Aliagarivorans marinus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Aliagarivorans taiwanensis sp. nov., facultatively anaerobic marine bacteria capable of agar degradation

“…The remaining isoprenoid quinones included RQ-10 (5.7 % for AAM1 T and 15.6 % for AAT1 T ), Q-9 (1.8 % for AAM1 T and 2.0 % for AAT1 T ) and MK-8 (0.5 % for AAM1 T and 2.6 % for AAT1 T ). They had DNA G+C contents of 52.4-52.9 mol%, which were greater than those of Agarivorans albus (48.7-49.7 mol%; Kurahashi & Yokota, 2004), Alteromonas species (43.0-46.4 mol%; Bowman & McMeekin, 2005;Chiu et al, 2007;Ivanova et al, 2005;Martínez-Checa et al, 2005;Van Trappen et al, 2004a;Yoon et al, 2003Yoon et al, , 2004, Glaciecola species (40.0-45.0 mol%; Baik et al, 2006;Bowman et al, 1998;Matsuyama et al, 2006;Romanenko et al, 2003;Yong et al, 2007;Van Trappen et al, 2004b;Zhang et al, 2006), Aestuariibacter salexigens (48.0 mol%; Yi et al, 2004), S. chungwhensis (48.0 mol%; Jeon et al, 2005) and B. denitrificans (50.0 mol%; Jean et al, 2006c). Aestuariibacter halophilus was the only species in the Alteromonadaceae that had a DNA G+C content that was greater (54.0 mol%; Yi et al, 2004) than those of our isolates.…”

“…Extraction and purification of total genomic DNA from the cells and PCR amplification of 16S rRNA genes were performed according to previously described methods (Jean et al, 2006b). Sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes, alignment and comparison of the resulting sequences with reference sequences available in GenBank, calculation of distance matrices for the aligned sequences and reconstruction of phylogenetic trees based on the neighbour-joining, maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood methods were performed as described by Shieh et al (2004) and Jean et al (2006b Kurahashi & Yokota, 2004), eight Alteromonas species (84.9-87.1 %; Bowman & McMeekin, 2005;Chiu et al, 2007;Ivanova et al, 2005;Martínez-Checa et al, 2005;Van Trappen et al, 2004a;Yoon et al, 2003Yoon et al, , 2004, two Aestuariibacter species (86.0-87.0 %; Yi et al, 2004), Bowmanella denitrificans (86.1-86.7 %; Jean et al, 2006c), eight Glaciecola species (85.0-87.9 %; Baik et al, 2006;Bowman et al, 1998;Matsuyama et al, 2006;Romanenko et al, 2003;Yong et al, 2007;Van Trappen et al, 2004b;Zhang et al, 2006) and Salinimonas chungwhensis (85.9-86.1 %; Jeon et al, 2005). The distant relationship between the two novel isolates and these bacteria was also evident in the neighbour-joining tree, in which the two isolates formed a stable monophyletic clade (bootstrap value, 100 %) located next to a sister clade comprising only Agarivorans albus strains (Fig.…”

Identification of novel denitrifying bacteria Stenotrophomonas sp. ZZ15 and Oceanimonas sp. YC13 and application for removal of nitrate from industrial wastewater

“…So far, denitrifying capabilities have been detected in about 150 species within 50 genera (Chen et al 2002;Shieh et al 2004;Horn et al 2005;Jean et al 2006; Lee and Koo 2007;Liu et al 2007;Sorokin et al 2007). Among them, Pseudomonas, Neisseria and Bacillus are the most common denitrifying bacteria (Zumft 1997), and their denitrification processes are carried out under anaerobic/semi-anaerobic conditions.…”