Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus–Associated Disease in Feedlot Cattle

Abstract

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDv) is associated with bovine respiratory disease complex and other diseases of feedlot cattle. Although occasionally a primary pathogen, BVDv's impact on cattle health is through the immunosuppressive effects of the virus and its synergism with other pathogens. The simple presence or absence of BVDv does not result in consistent health outcomes because BVDv is only one of many risk factors that contribute to disease syndromes. Current interventions have limitations and the optimum strategy for their uses to limit the health, production, and economic costs associated with BVDv have to be carefully considered for optimum cost-effectiveness.

Bovine Respiratory Disease Diagnosis

“…Data from Refs. 11,14,19,39,46,47,49,52,[58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74] Pardon & Buczinski cohoused animals very likely. 47 Hence, to improve sensitivity of the group diagnosis, the use of PCR on a pooled sample (up to 5 animals) can be considered.…”

Cattle connection: molecular epidemiology of BVDV outbreaks via rapid nanopore whole-genome sequencing of clinical samples

“…As one of the most important viral pathogens of ruminants across all continents, BVDV infections carry a significant economic and animal welfare impact [14], and have been reported in cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, deer, buffalo, bisons and alpacas [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. While the course of disease ranges from subclinical to acute gastrointestinal, respiratory and reproductive signs, BVDV is also associated with immunosuppression or increasing morbidity rates in affected herds [22,23]. In addition, intrauterine infection can potentially lead to vertical transmission, resulting in immunotolerant, persistently infected (PI) animals.…”

Rapid detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus using recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow dipstick assays in bulk milk

“…Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an economically important pathogen of widespread infectious diseases of cattle, pigs and other ruminants. BVDV infections are associated with multiple forms of clinical syndromes ranging from transiently detectable mild clinical symptoms to a fatal mucosal disease (BRODERSEN, 2014;LARSON, 2015). Moreover, persistently infected (PI) animals are the main source of virus transmission and spread the virus throughout their life, with typically asymptomatic or subclinical infections, which cause significant economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide (GROOMS et al, 2014;RODNING et al, 2012).…”