Bovine Mastitis - A Disease of Serious Concern for Dairy Farmers

Abstract

Mastitis is an inflammatory disease condition of udder affecting milk production negatively and having a serious impact on the economy of dairy enterprises. It is considered to be the most costly disease of dairy animals and losses mainly occur through discarded milk, reduction in milk yield, premature culling of animals and replacements. It is usually caused due to the effects of infection by bacterial or mycotic pathogens. Pathological changes to milk-secreting epithelial cells due to the inflammatory processes often bring about a decrease in functional capacity. Depending on the pathogen, functional losses may continue into further lactations, which impair productivity and potential weight gain by offspring. Although most infections result in relatively mild clinical or subclinical local inflammation, more severe cases can lead to agalactia or even profound systemic involvement resulting in death. Mastitis has been reported in almost all domestic mammals and has a worldwide geographic distribution. Climatic conditions, seasonal variation, density and housing of livestock populations, and husbandry practices may affect the incidence and etiology. However, it is of greatest frequency and economic importance in species that primarily are producers of milk, particularly dairy cattle.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ofE. coliO157:H7 Isolated from Traditionally Marketed Raw Cow Milk in and around Asosa Town, Western Ethiopia

“…This prevalence is lower when compared to reports of [10] from Mekelle town, [16] from Britain, [17] from South India, and [18] from Malaysia who reported prevalence of E. coli from raw milk of 44.4%, 63%, 70%, and 65%, respectively. On the other hand, [19] reported a 38.0% prevalence from India…”

“…The prevalence of the selected bacteria at the study area was not known; hence, the required sample size was calculated considering a previously published prevalence estimate of 44.4% [10] reported from a study on the microbial quality of milk in Mekelle town. Accordingly, a total of 380 (178 from farmers and 202 from venders) raw cow milk samples, each consisting of 25 ml, were collected at weekly intervals.…”

“…The consumption of raw milk and its derivatives is common in Ethiopia, which is not safe from a consumer health point of view as it may lead to the transmission of various diseases [10]. The ability of raw or processed milk to support the growth of several spoilage or pathogenic microorganisms can lead to spoilage of the product or infections and intoxications in consumers.…”

Mycotic Mastitis in Ruminants

“…Hal tersebut terkait dengan kenyataan bahwa pengobatan rutin mastitis hanya dengan antibiotika tanpa mengidentifikasi penyebabnya dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan kejadian mastitis mikotik (Pachauri et al, 2013;Rayaz and Darand, 2013). Selain peran tersebut, dokter hewan juga dituntut untuk pengambilan keputusan melakukan culling untuk sapi penderita mastitis mikotik kronis (Miller et al, 1993;Hamadani et al, 2013).…”

Bovine recombinant lipopolysaccharide binding protein (BRLBP) regulated apoptosis and inflammation response in lipopolysaccharide-challenged bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC)

“…Coliform organisms, particularly Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella spp., are the most common environmental pathogens associated with clinical mastitis (Hamadani et al, 2013). E. coli mastitis affects http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2015.01.026 0161-5890/© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.…”