Bovine Brain: An in vitro Translational Model in Developmental Neuroscience and Neurodegenerative Research

Peruffo, Antonella; Cozzi, Bruno

doi:10.3389/fped.2014.00074

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Bovine neural cells and specific in vitro cell cultures could be an alternative in comparative neuroscience and in neurodegenerative research, useful for studying development of normal and altered circuitry in a long gestation mammalian species. Use of bovine tissues would promote a substantial reduction in the use of laboratory animals [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a Pluripotent Neural Stem Cell from the Embryonic Bovine Brain

Gao

Zheng

et al. 2015

IJMS

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We recently isolated stem cells derived from the brain of a bovine fetus, utilizing a particular mechanical separation method. After improving our experimental conditions, we obtained neural stem cells using an optimized culture medium system. The cells were expanded, established in continuous cell culture and used for immunofluorescence cytochemistry. RT-PCR showed that embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) not only expresses the protein Sox2, Nestin but also Pax6, Musashi proteins and were differentiated into the three classical neuronal phenotypes (neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a Pluripotent Neural Stem Cell from the Embryonic Bovine Brain

Gao

Zheng

et al. 2015

IJMS

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“…Despite their large use, the experimental models based on mice and rats show some limitations when compared to the investigations of large mammals [41], such as the inbred nature of certain rodent strains and a short life span. Therefore, various Authors have proposed several experimental models of animal species closer to humans than mice and rats, such as dogs, cows and sheep [42, 2]. Currently the general trend towards saving animal lives in experimental studies is increasing, and animal welfare is becoming of primary importance at all experimental stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, although rodents remain the most widely used species for experimental research, other mammals may be useful because of their complex anatomy and physiology in comparison to rodents. Therefore, several papers have been published in order to underline the validity of other animal models such as dogs and cattle [1, 2, 3]. Recently, sheep tissues and organs have been used to perform experimental procedures in the studies of human pathological conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovine fetuses from slaughterhouses: a useful source for neural cell primary cultures

Farina¹,

Gadau²,

Lepore³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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27 A lot of evidence demonstrates that sheep could represent an experimental model to set 28 up medical procedures in a view of their application on humans. Sheep are chosen as 29 model for human biomechanical studies because their skeleton has some similarities 30 with humans. Sheep are gyrencephalic so the cerebral cortex can show valuable 31 signposts to identify particular cortical regions, unlike rats that are lissencephalic 32 animals. The aim of this work was to set up sheep primary cultures from ovine fetuses 33 at different ages, from pregnant uteri retrieved at local abattoirs. Cell characterization 34 demonstrated that one cell population was immunopositive to GFAP and identifiable as 35 astrocytes, whereas a second cell type was III β-tubulin-positive, and hence classified as 36 neurons. A 60 day old fetus is suitable to obtain neurons, whereas in a 90 day old fetus 37 the cell culture is predominantly characterized by glial cells. The procedure here 38 proposed is inexpensive. Indeed, the fetuses casually found during sheep slaughtering 39 have no cost, unlike the classical experimental animals, such as mice, rats, rabbits, that 40 require very high economical efforts. Finally, our protocol fully eliminates the need of 41 animal killing, being living animals replaced by a validated in vitro model in agreement 42 with the 3Rs statement. 43 44 45 46

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“…Finally, it is important to note that there is a growing interest in the development of new animal models [122] as tools in translational science to understand the cellular and molecular basis of human neurodegenerative disorders [123]. In this context, the bovine species could offer a model for studyingcerebellar development in a large mammalian brain with long gestation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually Diergic Trophic Effects of Estradiol Exposure on Developing Bovine Cerebellar Granule Cells

et al. 2016

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In the mammalian brain, the differentiation of neural cells and the developmental organization of the underlying circuitry are influenced by steroid hormones. The estrogen 17-β estradiol (E2) is one of the most potent regulators of neural growth during prenatal life, synthetized locally from steroid precursors including prenatal testicular testosterone. Estradiol promotes brain differentiation counting sexually dimorphic neural circuits by binding to the estrogen receptors, ER-α and ER-β. The cerebellum has been described as a site of estrogen action and a potentially sexually dimorphic area. The goal of this study was to analyze the capacity of E2 to affect the growth of male and female fetal bovine cerebellar granule. We performed primary cultures of fetal cerebellar granules, and verified the mRNA expression of the ER-α and ER-β in both sexes. Moreover, the distribution of ERs in the male and female cerebellar granules of the second fetal stage was characterized by immunohistochemistry. We measured morphological parameters in presence (or absence) of estradiol administration, focusing on the variations of the dendritic branching pattern of granule neurons. By using the nonparametric combination and permutation testing approach, we proposed a sophisticated multivariate statistical analysis to demonstrate that E2 induces multifarious and dimorphic changes in the granule cells. E2 exerts trophic effects in both female and male granules and this effect is stronger in female. Male granules treated with E2 became similar to female control granule. Bos taurus species has a long gestation and a large brain that offers an interesting alternative in comparative neuroscience.

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Bovine Brain: An in vitro Translational Model in Developmental Neuroscience and Neurodegenerative Research

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Isolation of a Pluripotent Neural Stem Cell from the Embryonic Bovine Brain

Isolation of a Pluripotent Neural Stem Cell from the Embryonic Bovine Brain

Ovine fetuses from slaughterhouses: a useful source for neural cell primary cultures

Sexually Diergic Trophic Effects of Estradiol Exposure on Developing Bovine Cerebellar Granule Cells

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